Compositions comprising combinations of purified cannabinoids, with at least one flavonoid, terpene, or mineral

ABSTRACT

Disclosed herein are new compositions having combinations of purified cannabinoids. One embodiment of this disclosure provides compositions having one or more purified cannabinoids in combination with a purified terpene. One embodiment of this disclosure provides compositions having one or more purified cannabinoids in combination with a purified flavonoid. One embodiment of this disclosure provides compositions having one or more purified cannabinoids in combination with a purified mineral.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application claims priority on the basis of U.S. provisionalapplication Ser. No. 62/126,365, filed Feb. 27, 2015, which is herebyincorporated by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates to the cannabis industry. In particular, thedisclosure relates to compositions and formulations comprising purifiedcannabinoids, flavonoids, and/or terpenes.

BACKGROUND

Cannabis is a genus of flowering plants that have three differentspecies: Cannabis sativa, Cannabis indica, and Cannabis ruderalis.Cannabis has long been used for hemp fiber, for seed and seed oils, formedicinal purposes, and as a recreational drug.

Cannabis is composed of at least 483 known chemical compounds, whichinclude cannabinoids, terpenoids, flavonoids, nitrogenous compounds,amino acids, proteins, glycoproteins, enzymes, sugars and relatedcompounds, hydrocarbons, simple alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, simpleacids, fatty acids, simple esters, lactones, steroids, terpenes,non-cannabinoid phenols, vitamins, pigments, and elements. Thesecompounds are secreted on the glandular trichomes. Cannabinoids areunique to the cannabis plant and there have been 100 cannabinoids thathave been isolated as purified (single) molecules.

Most extraction processes aim to extract cannabinoids, particularlytetrahydrocannabinol (THC). THC has many effects including pain relief,treating glaucoma, relieving nausea and vomiting during cancertreatments. The latter is sold as the drug dronabinol. The brand name inthe US is Marinol. It is the pure isomer of THC,(−)-trans-Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol which is man-made.

Preparative gas chromatography has proven to be a suitable method forproviding adequate pure samples of THC, Cannabidiol (CBD), andCannabinol (CBN). There has been difficulty in isolating purecannabinoids in order to conduct research. Cannabinoids can havesynergistic or antagonistic effects on each other. Other methods ofextraction include butane hash oil (BHO) and supercritical carbondioxide extraction. Cannabinoids are drawn out of the plant throughsolvent (e.g., butane or carbon dioxide) extraction, which produces apurified composition.

The resin glands, more commonly referred to as kief, contain a highconcentration of cannabinoids and terpenes. The extraction process forkief involves placing the whole plant in a fine mesh screen shifter andgently shaking so that the kief falls through the screen away from theplant. The kief is sometimes compressed into rounds known as hash orhashish.

Despite developments in isolating single molecules, no work has beendone in formulating compositions having particular combinations of thepurified compounds. There has been no work developing compounds havingrepeatable, dependable ratios of purified molecules. In particular,there have been no developments in combining purified cannabinoids withpurified terrenes, flavonoids, and/or minerals.

There exists a need for compositions comprising new combinations ofpurified cannabinoids. There also exists a particular need forcompositions providing one or more purified cannabinoids in combinationwith a purified terpene. Furthermore, there exists a need forcompositions providing one or more purified cannabinoids in combinationwith a purified flavonoid. Additionally, there exists a need forcompositions providing one or more purified cannabinoids in combinationwith a purified mineral.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Disclosed herein are new compositions having combinations of purifiedcannabinoids. One embodiment of this disclosure provides compositionshaving one or more purified cannabinoids in combination with a purifiedterpene. One embodiment of this disclosure provides compositions havingone or more purified cannabinoids in combination with a purifiedflavonoid. One embodiment of this disclosure provides compositionshaving one or more purified cannabinoids in combination with a purifiedmineral.

Disclosed herein are compositions comprising:

-   -   a first purified cannabinoid; and    -   a compound chosen from a second purified cannabinoid, a purified        terpene, a purified flavonoid, and a purified mineral,    -   wherein the said composition is substantially free from        cellulose.

As used herein, the term “purified” means isolated from the plant usingchromatography, distillation, extractions, or similar techniqueresulting in a greater than 60% purity. In some embodiments the“purified” compositions disclosed herein are greater than 70% purity. Insome embodiments the “purified” compositions disclosed herein aregreater than 80% purity. In some embodiments the “purified” compositionsdisclosed herein are greater than 90% purity.

Within the context of this disclosure, where a compound comprisesstereogenic centers, the term “purified” includes enantiomerically purecompositions and also mixtures of enantiomers or isomers.

Cannabinoids and other plant molecules may be extracted using varioussolvents and technologies including, but not limited to ethanol, butane,methane, carbon dioxide, ice, water, steam. Cannabinoids and other plantmolecules may be extracted from plants bred to express desiredcannabinoid and/or terpene and/or flavonoid profiles for purity.Cannabinoids and other molecules may be purified using supercriticalfluid (“SFC”) extraction and similar technologies. In one example, theprocess of crystallization involves placing the compound of interest ina liquid and then cooling or adding participants to the solution whichwould lower the solubility of the compound of interest so that it formscrystals. In this example, crystals are then separated from the liquidthrough filtration or centrifuge.

As used herein, the term “cannabinoid” means any substance that actsupon a cannabinoid receptor. For example the term cannabinoid includescannabinoid ligands such as agonists, partial agonists, inverseagonists, or antagonists, as demonstrated by binding studies andfunctional assays. In many examples, a cannabinoid can be identifiedbecause its chemical name will include the text string “*cannabi* in thename. Within the context of this application, where reference is made toa particular cannabinoid, each of the acid and/or decarboxylated formsare contemplated as both single molecules and mixtures. Examples ofcannabinoids within the context of this disclosure include compoundsbelonging to any of the following classes of molecules, theirderivatives, salts, or analogs: Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC),Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), Cannabichromene (CBC), Cannabichromanon(CBCN), Cannabidiol (CBD), Cannabielsoin (CBE), Cannabidivarin (CBDV),Cannbifuran (CBF), Cannabigerol (CBG), Cannabicyclol (CBL), Cannabinol(CBN), Cannabinodiol (CBND), Cannabitriol (CBT), Cannabivarin (CBV), andIsocanabinoids.

As used herein, the term “terpene” means an organic compound built on anisoprenoid structural scaffold or produced by combining isoprene units.Often, terpene molecules found in plants may produce smell.

The structure of terpenes are built with isoprenes, which are 5 carbonstructures. Flavonoids are generally considered to be 15 carbonstructures with two phenyl rings and a heterocyclic ring. So, therecould be an overlap in which a flavonoid could be considered a terpene.However, not all terpenes could be considered flavonoids.

Within the context of this disclosure, the term terpene includesHemiterpenes, Monoterpenols, Terpene esters, Diterpenes, Monoterpenes,Polyterpenes, Tetraterpenes, Terpenoid oxides, Sesterterpenes,Sesquiterpenes, Norisoprenoids, or their derivatives.

Derivatives of terpenes include Terpenoids in their forms ofhemiterpenoids, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, sesterterpenoid,sesquarterpenoids, tetraterpenoids, Triterpenoids, tetraterpenoids,Polyterpenoids, isoprenoids, and steroids. They may be forms: α-, β-,γ-, oxo-, isomers, or combinations thereof. Examples of terpenes withinthe context of this disclosure include: 7,8-dihydroionone, Acetanisole,Acetic Acid, Acetyl Cedrene, Anethole, Anisole, Benzaldehyde,Bergamotene (α-cis-Bergamotene) (α-trans-Bergamotene), Bisabolol(β-Bisabolol), Borneol, Bornyl Acetate, Butanoic/Butyric Acid, Cadinene(α-Cadinene) (γ-Cadinene), Cafestol, Caffeic acid, Camphene, Camphor,Capsaicin, Carene (Δ-3-Carene), Carotene, Carvacrol, Carvone,Dextro-Carvone, Laevo-Carvone, Caryophyllene (β-Caryophyllene),Caryophyllene oxide, Castoreum Absolute, Cedrene (α-Cedrene)(β-Cedrene), Cedrene Epoxide (α-Cedrene Epoxide), Cedrol, Cembrene,Chlorogenic Acid, Cinnamaldehyde (α-amyl-Cinnamaldehyde)(α-hexyl-Cinnamaldehyde), Cinnamic Acid, Cinnamyl Alcohol, Citronellal,Citronellol, Cryptone, Curcumene (α-Curcumene) (γ-Curcumene), Decanal,Dehydrovomifoliol, Diallyl Disulfide, Dihydroactinidiolide, DimethylDisulfide, Eicosane/Icosane, Elemene (β-Elemene), Estragole, Ethylacetate, Ethyl Cinnamate, Ethyl maltol, Eucalyptol/1,8-Cineole, Eudesmol(α-Eudesmol) (β-Eudesmol) (γ-Eudesmol), Eugenol, Euphol, Farnesene,Farnesol, Fenchol (β-Fenchol), Fenchone, Geraniol, Geranyl acetate,Germacrenes, Germacrene B, Guaia-1(10), 11-diene, Guaiacol, Guaiene(α-Guaiene), Gurjunene (α-Gurjunene), Herniarin, Hexanaldehyde, HexanoicAcid, Humulene (α-Humulene) (β-Humulene), Ionol (3-oxo-α-ionol)(β-Ionol), Ionone (α-Ionone) (β-Ionone), Ipsdienol, Isoamyl acetate,Isoamyl Alcohol, Isoamyl Formate, Isoborneol, Isomyrcenol, Isopulegol,Isovaleric Acid, Isoprene, Kahweol, Lavandulol, Limonene, γ-LinolenicAcid, Linalool, Longifolene, α-Longipinene, Lycopene, Menthol, Methylbutyrate, 3-Mercapto-2-Methylpentanal, Mercaptan/Thiols,β-Mercaptoethanol, Mercaptoacetic Acid, Allyl Mercaptan, BenzylMercaptan, Butyl Mercaptan, Ethyl Mercaptan, Methyl Mercaptan, FurfurylMercaptan, Ethylene Mercaptan, Propyl Mercaptan, Thenyl Mercaptan,Methyl Salicylate, Methylbutenol, Methyl-2-Methylvalerate, MethylThiobutyrate, Myrcene (β-Myrcene), γ-Muurolene, Nepetalactone, Nerol,Nerolidol, Neryl acetate, Nonanaldehyde, Nonanoic Acid, Ocimene,Octanal, Octanoic Acid, P-cymene, Pentyl butyrate, Phellandrene,Phenylacetaldehyde, Phenylethanethiol, Phenylacetic Acid, Phytol,Pinene, β-Pinene, Propanethiol, Pristimerin, Pulegone, Quercetin,Retinol, Rutin, Sabinene, Sabinene Hydrate, cis-Sabinene Hydrate,trans-Sabinene Hydrate, Safranal, α-Selinene, α-Sinensal, β-Sinensal,β-Sitosterol, Squalene, Taxadiene, Terpin hydrate, Terpineol,Terpine-4-ol, α-Terpinene, γ-Terpinene, Terpinolene, Thiophenol,Thujone, Thymol, α-Tocopherol, Tonka Undecanone, Undecanal,Valeraldehyde/Pentanal, Verdoxan, α-Ylangene, Umbelliferone, orVanillin. As used herein, the term acetanisole refers to a compound thathas an anisole with an acetic group para to the methoxy group having thestructural formula: Often acetanisole is characterized as having amedium strength, sweet, anisic, vanilla-like aroma with powdery,balsamic and benzaldehyde nuances. It is used

as a flavoring, it has been described as a sweet, anisic, fruity andcherry with powdery vanilla nuances.

As used herein, the term acetic acid refers to a carboxylic acid with amethyl group. Often acetic acid is characterized as having a mediumstrength, sweet, anisic, vanilla-like aroma with powdery, balsamic andbenzaldehyde nuances. Used in flavoring, it has been described as asweet, anisic, fruity and cherry with powdery vanilla nuances.

As used herein, the term acetyl cedrene refers to a compound having acedrene with an acetyl group and with the following structural formula:

Acetyl Cedrene is often characterized as having a medium strength, warm,woody, amber musky aroma. It can constitute up to 20% of some fragranceconcentrates.

As used herein, the term anethole refers to an aromatic compound havingthe following structural formula:

Anethole is often characterized as having a very strong, sweet, anise,licorice aroma. It is used in a wide variety of fragrances and flavors.It has a sweet, anise, and spicy licorice flavor with a lingering, sweetaftertaste. Anethole has also shown some antioxidant and antimicrobialactivities.

As used herein, the term anisole refers to a compound having a benzenering with a methoxy group with the following structural formula:

Anisole is often characterized as smelling like anise seeds.

As used herein, the term benzaldehyde refers to a compound having abenzene ring connected to an aldehyde with the following structuralformula:

Benzaldehyde is often characterized as having an almond-like odor.

As used herein, the term bergamotene refers to a compound that includeseither or both of α-cis-Bergamotene and/or α-trans-Bergamotene in a pureand/or mixture of any ratio. α-cis-Bergamotene refers to the followingstructural formula:

The α-cis-Bergamotene is often characterized as having a strong odor ofground black pepper. It is an aroma component of many species of thefamily orchidaceae. It has also shown some antioxidant activity.α-trans-Bergamotene refers to the following structural formula:

The α-trans-Bergamotene is often characterized as having a mediumstrength, warm, tea-leaf-like odor. It is used in the chemicalcommunication system of some species of aphids.

As used herein, bisabolol refers to either or both of the β and/or aforms of a monocyclic sesquiterpene alcohol in a pure and/or mixture ofany ratio. The β form differs from the α form based on the position ofthe tertiary alcohol group. The α form refers to the followingstructural formula:

The β form refers to the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a medium strength, citrus, floral,tangy, lemon, fresh, sweet, herbaceous aroma. It is used in the chemicalcommunication system of the Cotton boll weevil. It has shownanti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antifungal and antimutagenicactivities.

As used herein, the term borneol refers to a compound having thefollowing structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a smell much like the menthol aromaof camphor and is easily converted into it. In Chinese medicine, herbscontaining borneol are recommended for fatigue and overstress. Borneolis considered a “calming sedative” in Chinese medicine. It is directedfor fatigue, recovery from illness and stress. It is found in smallquantities in many essential oils.

Commercially it is derived from Artemisia plants such as wormwood andsome species of cinnamon.

As used herein, the term bornyl acetate refers to an acetate that has aborneol group with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a pine, camphoraceous, herbal, andbalsamic odor.

As used herein, butanoic/butyric acid refers to a carboxylic acid withthe following structural formula: CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH. It is oftencharacterized as having an unpleasant, acrid odor normally found inperspiration, flatulence and rancid butter. It is the primary cause ofthe foul smell associated with human vomit as it is one of many stomachacids that helps break down food for energy, and it is a common additionto stink bombs for this reason.

As used herein, the term Cadinene refers to either or both of α-Cadineneand/or γ-Cadinene as pure forms or mixtures in any ratio. α-Cadinenerefers to an isomeric hydrocarbon sesquiterpene with the followingstructural formula:

α-Cadinene is often characterized as having a pungent, smoky, woody,guaiac wood-like odor. It is listed by the FDA as a food additivepermitted for direct addition to food for human consumption. It hasshown some antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant andantimalarial activities. γ-Cadinene refers to a compound having thefollowing structural formula:

γ-Cadinene is often characterized as having a herbaceous, herbal, woodyaroma. It has shown some antimicrobial and antibacterial properties.Many species of termites and a few beetles utilize γ-Cadinene in theirchemical communication systems.

As used herein, the term cafestol refers to a diterpene molecule havingthe following structural formula:

It is often characterized as being present in high quantities inunfiltered coffee. It has also been shown to have anticarcinogenicproperties in rats.

As used herein, the term caffeic acid refers to a compound having both aphenolic and acrylic functional groups with the following structuralformula:

As used herein, the term camphene refers to a bicyclic monoterpenehaving the following structural formula:

Camphene is often characterized as having a pungent, herbal, fir needlesmell. Its odor has often been described as a camphoraceous, cooling,piney and woody with terpy nuances. It has citrus and green minty andgreen spicy notes.

Camphene is used in fragrances and food additives. It is a minorconstituent of many essential oils such as turpentine, cypress oil,camphor oil, citronella oil, neroli, ginger oil, and valerian.

As used herein, the term camphor refers to a terpenoid that is similarin structure to camphene but instead possess a ketone instead of adouble bond with the following structural formula:

Camphor has a very characteristic odor for which the tree is named. Themost recognizable product that contains the extracts of camphor ismedicated chest rubs, which have the same distinct scent. It is astrong, penetrating, persistent odor. It is used as a flavor andfragrance agent in chewing gum and hard candy. The therapeuticproperties of camphor oil are analgesic, antidepressant,anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, cardiac, carminative, diuretic,febrifuge, hypertensive, insecticide, laxative, rubefacient, stimulant,sudorific, vermifuge and vulnerary. As used herein, the term capsaicinrefers to a chemical compound with following structural formula:

In its pure form, capsaicin is often odorless. It is often characterizedas an irritant for mammals, known for the sensation it provokes wheninhaled, eaten, or applied to the skin. In this sense, it is similar tomenthol (which stimulates the body's sensors without causing an actualchange in temperature). Capsaicin is often used as an analgesic intopical ointments and dermal patches to relieve pain and as ananti-inflammatory.

As used herein, the term Carene (Δ-3-Carene) refers to a bicyclicmonoterpene that has the following structural formula:

It differs from camphor and camphene by having the double bound withinthe ring structure. Δ-3-Carene is often characterized as having a mediumstrength, sweet, pungent citrus odor. It is a constituent of pine andcedar resin but is found in many other plants including rosemary. Inaromatherapy, cypress oil, high in Δ-3-Carene, is used to dry excessfluids, tears, running noses, excess menstrual flow and perspiration. Itis thought to be at least partially responsible for the dry mouth andeye problems that are common side effects experienced by some cannabisusers.

As used herein, the term carotene refers to any one of a series ofrelated unsaturated hydrocarbon substances having the formula C₄₀H_(x).The □-carotene has the following structural formula:

Within the context of this disclosure, the term carotene refers to anyof the isomeric forms of carotene in a pure and/or mixture in any ratio.Carotene is often characterized as appearing colored to the human eye.

As used herein, term carvacrol refers to a monoterpenoid phenol that hasthe following structural formula:

Carvacrol is often characterized as having a pungent, warm odor oforegano. It is used as a flavor and fragrance agent and its flavor hasbeen described as spicy, herbal, phenolic, medicinal and woody.Carvacrol is often responsible for the biological activities of oregano.Carvacrol exhibits many diverse activities such as: antimicrobial,antitumor, antimutagenic, antigenotoxic, analgesic, antispasmodic,anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, antiparasitic, antiplatelet, ACheinhibitory, antielastase, insecticidal, antihepatotoxic andhepatoprotective activities.

As used herein, the term carvone refers to a monoterpenoid that it issimilar in structure to a carvacrol but has a carbonyl group instead ofan alcohol group. For the context of this disclosure, the term “carvone”includes the enantiomer forms S-(+) and R-(−) as pure and/or mixtures inany ratio.

As used herein, the term dextro-carvone refers to the S-(+) enantiomerof carvone that has the following structural formula:

Dextro-Carvone is often characterized as having a spicy, bready, carawayaroma. It is found in mandarin peel oil and gingergrass oil. It is theprincipal constituent (60-70%) of the oil from caraway seeds.

As used herein, the term laevo-carvone refers to the R-(−) enantiomer ofcarvone with the following structural formula:

Laevo-Carvone is often characterized as having a sweet, minty,herbaceous, spearmint odor. It is found in spearmint and kuromoji oils.It is used extensively in chewing gums and flavor oils such asspearmint, but is also used in spice and floral fragrances for airfresheners, perfumes, shampoos, deodorants, body wash, laundrydetergents, cosmetics and toothpaste.

As used herein, the term Caryophyllene (β-Caryophyllene) refers to abicyclic sesquiterpene with the following structural formula:

β-Caryophyllene is often characterized as having a sweet, woody and dryclove odor and has a peppery, spicy with camphor and astringent citrusbackgrounds. It is a major terpene found in black pepper, clove andcotton. It is often found in smaller percentages in many other green,leafy vegetables, herbs, and spices. Caryophyllene contributes to blackpepper's spiciness. Caryophyllene oil is also used industrially toenhance tobacco flavor.

As used herein, the term caryophyllene oxide refers a compound with thefollowing structural formula:

Caryophyllene oxide is often characterized as having a lemon balm odor.It has shown some effectiveness as an insecticidal/anti-feedant and asbroad-spectrum antifungal in plant defense. Caryophyllene oxide has thedistinction of being the main component responsible for cannabisidentification by drug-sniffing dogs. As used herein, the term Cedrenerefers to either or both of α-Cedrene and/or β-Cedrene as pure forms ormixtures in any ratio. The (−)α and (+)β form differ in the position ofthe double bond. α-Cedrene refers to a compound having the followingstructural formula:

The α form is often characterized as having a medium strength, woody,sweet, fresh aroma of cedar. It is used in bakery items, sherbet andsorbet. It is a major component in the essential oil of cedar.

The β form refers to a compound having the following structural formula:

The β form is often characterized as having a medium strength, woody,fresh aroma of cedar. It is a major component in the essential oil ofcedar.

As used herein, the term Cedrene Epoxide (α-Cedrene Epoxide) refers tocedrene with an epoxide group and having the following structuralformula:

α-Cedrene Epoxide is often characterized as having a medium strength,woody, amber, tobacco, sandalwood, and fresh patchouli aroma. It iscommonly used as a fragrance agent and a perfuming agent for cosmetics.

As used herein, the term cedrol refers to a sesquiterpene alcohol havingthe following structural formula:

Cedrol is often characterized as having a very faint aroma that issweet, soft, dry and cedar woody. Studies have shown cedrol to showdeeply sedative effects when inhaled. Cedrol is a major component ofcedar wood oil. It is found in the essential oil of conifers, especiallyin cypress and juniper. It has also been identified in Origanum onites,a plant related to oregano.

As used herein, the term Cembrene A refers to a monocyclic diterpenewith the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a faint wax like odor.

As used herein, the term chlorogenic acid refers to an ester of thecaffeic acid and a (−)-quinic acid that has the following structuralformula:

It can often be found in peaches, prunes, and green coffee bean extract.

As used herein, the term Cinnamaldehyde refers to a phenyl groupattached to an unsaturated aldehyde with the following structuralformula:

Cinnamaldehyde is often characterized as having a very strong, spicy,sweet cinnamon odor, and gives cinnamon its flavor. It occurs naturallyin the bark of cinnamon trees and other species of the genus Cinnamomum.Cinnamaldehyde constitutes 90% of the essential oil of cinnamon.

As used herein, the term α-hexyl-Cinnamaldehyde refers to a compoundhaving the structural formula:

α-hexyl-Cinnamaldehyde is often characterized as having a mediumstrength, sweet, floral, green, jasmine, citrus and fruity aroma withpowdery, tropical or spicy notes. As a flavoring it is sweet, waxy,floral and green with citrus and fruity nuances.

As used herein, the term α-amyl-Cinnamaldehyde refers to a compoundhaving the structural formula:

α-amyl-Cinnamaldehyde is often characterized as having a medium, sweetfloral, oily, fruity, herbal, jasmine, and tropical aroma. Used inflavorings it is tropical, waxy, floral, rosy and honey-like with afruity nuance and body.

As used herein, the term cinnamic acid refers to a phenyl group doublebonded to a propionic acid with the following structural formula:

Cinnamic acid is often characterized as having a weak balsamic, sweet,storax, honey-like odor. It can be obtained from the oil of cinnamon, orfrom balsams such as storax.

As used herein, the term cinnamyl alcohol refers to a phenyl group thatis double bonded to a propanol group that has the following structuralformula:

Cinnamyl alcohol is often characterized as having a medium strength,cinnamon spice, floral green and fermented odor with powdery balsamicnuances. As a flavor component it has a green, floral, spicy and honeyflavor with a fermented yeasty nuance.

As used herein, the term citronellal refers to a monoterpenoid that hasthe following structural formula:

Citronellal is often characterized as making up to 80% of the leaf oilfrom Kaffir lime leaves and is the compound responsible for itscharacteristic aroma.

Citronellal has a high repellent effectiveness against mosquitoes andother insects. It is also shown to have strong antifungal qualities.Citronellal is the main component that gives citronella oil itsdistinctive lemon-lime scent.

As used herein, the term citronellol refers to an acyclic monoterpenoidthat includes either or both of the (+) and (−) enantiomers as pureforms or mixtures in any ratio. The (+) enantiomer has the followingstructural formula:

The (−) form has the following structural formula:

Citronellol is often characterized as having a floral, rosy, sweet,citrus with green, fatty, terpene-nuanced odor. Used in flavorings ithas a floral, rose, sweet, green with fruity citrus nuanced flavor. Instudies it was shown to have a deeply sedating effect upon inhalation.

As used herein, the term cryptone refers to4-Isopropyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one and has the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a woody minty herbaceous smell.

As used herein, the term Curcumene refers a compound with C₁₅H₂₂ witheither both α-Curcumene and/or γ-Curcumene as pure forms or mixtures inany ratio. α-Curcumene has the following structural formula:

α-Curcumene is often characterized as having an odor of Turmeric. It isfound prominently in the Zingiber genus of Ginger. It is one of the mainactive ingredients of both Turmeric and Ginger oils. γ-Curcumene has thefollowing structural formula:

γ-Curcumene is often characterized as having an earthy aroma. It isfound prominently in the Libocedrus bidwillii tree of New Zealand. It isone of the main active ingredients of both Turmeric and Ginger oils.

As used herein, the term decanal refers to a ten-carbon aldehyde havingthe following structural formula:

Decanal is often characterized as having a very powerful, waxy,orange-peel, citrus like, sweet, aldehydic odor. It is used infragrances and flavoring. Its flavor is a waxy, fatty, citrus and orangepeel with a slight green melon nuance.

Decanal occurs in nature and is an important component in citrus alongwith octanal, citral, and sinensal.

As used herein, the term dehydrovomifoliol refers to a cyclic terpenoidoxide having the following structural formula:

Dehydrovomifoliol is often characterized as having a fruity and floweryodor. It has shown some cytostatic and antiviral activity.

As used herein, the term diallyl disulfide refers to a disulfide with anallyl group on each sulfide and having the following structural formula:

Diallyl Disulfide is often characterized as having a strong, alliaceous,onion and garlic-like odor with metallic nuances. When highly diluted,it is used as a flavoring in food. It has a green onion and garlic-likeflavor with meaty nuances. It is an organosulfur (organic compounds thatcontain sulfur) derived from garlic. It is also one of the maincomponents of the distilled oil of garlic. Diallyl disulfide has many ofthe health benefits of garlic, but it is also an allergen causing garlicallergy.

As used herein, the term dihydroactinidiolide refers to a terpenoidoxide that has the following structural formula:

Dihydroactinidiolide is often characterized as having a fruity, musky,coumarin tea-like, peach aroma. It is a flavoring agent for food andtobacco and used in tea flavors, berry flavors, other fruit flavors,brown flavors, seaweed, tomato and beer. It has shown antiproliferativeeffects.

As used herein, the term dimethyl disulfide refers to a disulfide with amethyl group attached to each sulfide that has the following structuralformula:

Dimethyl Disulfide is often characterized as having a high strength,sulfurous, rotten garlic, cabbage or onion type of aroma. Dimethyldisulfide along with dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl trisulfide arecompounds given off by the plant known as dead-horse arum. Flies areattracted to the odor of fetid meat the combination of the three make,and they help pollinate this plant.

As used herein, the term eicosane/icosane refers to an alkane with theformula C₂₀H₄₂ having 366,619 constitutional isomers with the followingskeletal structure:

Eicosane is often characterized as having a waxy odor. It is used infragrance concentrates. It is the shortest compound found in paraffinwaxes used to form candles. It is also used in insect repellent.

As used herein, the term Elemene (β-Elemene) refers to a cyclicsesquiterpene that has the following structural formula:

β-Elemene is often characterized as having a medium strength, sweetaroma. The parenteral form of β-elemene is isolated from Rhizomazedoariae, a type of ginger, although it is a volatile terpene found inbotanicals such as celery, mint, and it is prevalent in a variety ofmedicinal plants. It has a strong antiproliferative and anti-cancereffects against a broad spectrum of tumors.

As used herein, the term estragole refers to a phenylpropene that hasthe following structural formula:

It is an isomer of anethole with the difference being the location ofthe double bond. It is often characterized as having an anise seed smelland occurs in tarragon oil, turpentine, and other essential oils, and isused in perfumes and flavoring materials.

As used herein, the term ethyl acetate refers to an ester of ethanol andacetic acid. Ethyl acetate is often characterized as having a mediumstrength, acidic fruity, dirty, cheesy, fermented odor with the strongnuance of Roquefort cheese.

It is used as a flavoring with a fruity, dirty, acidic flavor with adairy, buttery and cheesy nuance.

As used herein, the term ethyl cinnamate refers to an ester of cinnamicacid and ethanol that has the following structural formula:

Ethyl Cinnamate is often characterized as having a medium strength,sweet, balsamic, spicy, powdery, fruity, berry, and plum odor. It isused as a flavoring agent, where it has a balsamic, powdery, fruity,berry, punch, spice, sweet and green flavor with an amber note.

As used herein, the term ethyl maltol refers to a cyclic organiccompound with the formula C₆H₆O₃ that has the following structuralformula:

It is often characterized as having a sweet smell that is similar tocaramelized sugar and cooked fruit.

As used herein, the term Eucalyptol/1,8-Cineole refers to a cyclic etherand monoterpenoid that has the following structural formula:

Eucalyptol/1,8-Cineole is often characterized as having a camphor-mintyodor of eucalyptus. In fact, it is the main ingredient in oil ofeucalyptus. It is also found in other fragrant plants. It is used toincrease circulation, and reduce pain and swelling when appliedtopically. Cineole readily crosses the blood/brain barrier, possiblyhelping other cannabinoids to cross more readily as well. The inhalationof cineole often increases cerebral blood flow and enhances corticalactivity. The effects of cineole, when combined with oral or smokedCannabis, are reported as being very uplifting, noticeably increasingmental and physical energy. This terpene, and others like it, may beresponsible for the reported difference in effect between indica andsativa strains with a similar cannabinoid profile. As used herein, theterm Eudesmol refers to α-Eudesmol, β-Eudesmol, or γ-Eudesmol as pureforms or mixtures in any ratio. α-Eudesmol has the following structuralformula:

α-Eudesmol is often characterized as having a sweet, woody odor. It'sbeen shown to protect against brain injury after focal ischemia in rats.α-Eudesmol may be useful for the treatment of migraines. β-Eudesmolrefers to the following structural formula:

β-Eudesmol is often characterized as having a sweet, green, woody,yuzu-like aroma. It has shown some antioxidant, antimicrobial andanti-wood-decay fungal activities. γ-Eudesmol refers to the followingstructural formula:

γ-Eudesmol is often characterized as having a waxy, sweet, woody, floralodor.

γ-Eudesmol presents cytotoxic effect to cancer cells. All Eudesmolisomers displayed cytotoxicity to different tumor cell lines.

As used herein the term eugenol refers to a phenylpropene that has thefollowing structural formula:

Eugenol is often characterized as causing the aromatic smell typical ofcloves. It is sometimes called clove oil because it is the activeelement in cloves. Eugenol is found in insect attractants as well as UVabsorbers. It is an antioxidant, and when mixed with zinc oxide, eugenolis a common base for temporary fillings.

This is the reason dental offices smell the same.

As used herein, the term euphol refers to a tetracyclic triterpene thathas the following structural formula:

As used herein, the term farnesene refers to six closely relatedcompounds that are sesquiterpenes. (E,E)-α-Farnesene is one of these sixmolecules and has the following structural formula:

Within the context of this disclosure, the term “farnesene” refers toany one of the six closely related compounds, either alone or incombination of any other of those six closely related compounds. Aspecies of aphids emit farnesene as a defense mechanism. It is oftencharacterized as having a fragrance of magnolia flowers and has citrusnotes with green, woody, vegetative odor with hints of lavender.

As used herein, the term farnesol refers to a cyclic sesquiterpenealcohol that has the following structural formula:

Farnesol is often characterized as having a weak, mild, fresh, sweet,floral, linden tree odor. It is used as an agent in cosmetics, flavorsand fragrances. It has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant andantiproliferative effects and it has been suggested to function as achemopreventive and antitumor agent with some analgesic potential.Farnesol is present in many essential oils such as citronella, neroli,cyclamen, lemon grass, tuberose, rose, musk, balsam and tolu. It is usedin perfumery to emphasize the odors of sweet floral perfumes. It is alsoa natural pesticide for mites and is a pheromone for several otherinsects.

As used herein, the term Fenchol (β-Fenchol) refers to the isomer ofborneol with the following structural formula:

β-Fenchol is often characterized as having a camphorous, borneol, piney,woody, dry, sweet, lemon scent. It is used as a flavor and fragranceagent. It is an antioxidant and antimicrobial with limited antifungalproperties.

As used herein, the term fenchone refers to a monoterpene and a ketonewith the following structural formula:

Fenchone is often characterized as having a camphorous, thuja, cedarleaf, herbal, earthy, woody aroma. As an additive, its flavor has beendescribed as cooling, camphorous, sweet and minty with a musty, earthynuance.

As used herein, the term geraniol refers to a monoterpenoid that has thefollowing structural formula:

Geraniol is often characterized as having a medium strength, floral,sweet, rosy, fruity odor with citrus to citronella-like odor nuances.Its flavor is floral, rosy, waxy and perfume-like with a fruitypeach-like nuance. It is used as a flavor and fragrance agent. It isused in flavors such as peach, raspberry, grapefruit, red apple, plum,lime, orange, lemon, watermelon, pineapple, and blueberry. It is alsoused for cosmetic as a perfuming agent. Geraniol is a naturalantioxidant. It inhibits DNA synthesis. In one study, Geraniol was shownto suppress pancreatic tumor growth.

As used herein, the term geranyl acetate refers to a monoterpene with acarboxylic acid with the following structural formula:

Geranyl Acetate is often characterized as having a very strong, floralaroma with a fruity twist. It is found in a variety of natural oils fromplants such as citronella, lemon grass, sassafras, rose, and manyothers. It exhibits strong antimicrobial properties.

As used herein, the term geranylfarnesol refers to an acyclic 25-carbonisoprenoid that has the following structural formula:

As used herein, the term germacrenes refers to a class of volatileorganic hydrocarbons that are specifically sesquiterpenes. For thepurposes of this disclosure, the term “germacrene” refers to any of thefive isomers as either pure forms or in any combination of the fiveisomers. Germacrene A refers to the following structural formula:

Germacrene B refers to the following structural formula:

Germacrene C refers to the following structural formula:

Germacrene D refers to the following structural formula:

Germacrene E refers to the following structural formula:

They are often produced in a number of plant species for theirantimicrobial and insecticidal properties, though they also play a roleas insect pheromones. The essential oil of the red deadnettle (Lamiumpurpureum) is characterized by its high contents of germacrene.Germacrene B is often characterized as having a potent odor ranging fromspicy, warm and earthy to the sweet aroma of expressed lime oil. It isnot used in food or fragrances.

As used herein, the term guaia-1(10), 11-diene refers to a bicyclicsesquiterpene that has the following structural formula:

Guaia-1(10), 11-diene is often characterized as having an elegant andsweet woody aroma. It is used as a fragrance for a wide range ofproducts from food additives, tobacco flavorings and general cosmetics,to odorizing rooms.

As used herein, the term guaiacol refers to an organic compound with aphenol group with a methoxy group in the ortho-position with thefollowing structural formula:

Guaiacol is often characterized as having a powerful, smoke-like,phenolic, spicy, woody somewhat medicinal odor. It has a sweet, powdery,musty, vanilla, floral, almond flavor. It is used chiefly as anexpectorant, but is also used as a local anesthetic, an antiseptic andan intestinal disinfectant. Guaiacol is a precursor to variousflavorants, such as eugenol and vanillin.

As used herein, the term Guaiene (α-Guaiene) refers to a bicyclicsesquiterpene that has the following structural formula:

α-Guaiene is often characterized as having a medium strength, sweet,earthy, woody, balsamic, peppery aroma. It is used as a flavor andfragrance agent in bakery items, cereals and cereal products, includingflours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, and edibleices, including sherbet and sorbet. α-Guaiene imparts earthy, spicyaromas and tastes. α-Guaiene also shows anti-inflammatory properties.

As used herein, the term Gurjunene (α-Gurjunene) refers to a tricyclicsesquiterpene that has the following structural formula:

α-Gurjunene is often characterized as having a slight, woody, balsamicodor. It can be used in cosmetics and fragrances. It has shown to be anantimicrobial as well as an antibacterial agent.

As used herein, the term herniarin refers to a methoxy derivative ofcoumarin that has the following structural formula:

Herniarin is often found in Herniaria glabra, Ayanpana triplinervis, andin species of the genus Prunus (P. mahaleb, P. pensylvanica, and P.maximowiczil).

As used herein, the term hexanaldehyde refers to an aldehyde with thefollowing structural formula:

Hexanaldehyde is often characterized as having a very powerful,penetrating, fatty green, freshly cut grassy odor. It is also used inthe flavor industry to produce fruity flavors that are green woody,vegetative, apple, grassy, citrus and orange with fresh lingeringaftertastes.

As used herein, the term hexanoic acid refers to a carboxylic derivativeof hexane that has the following structural formula:

Hexanoic acid is often characterized as having a pungent, oily, acrid,sour, fatty, sweaty, rancid cheese odor. It is used as a flavoring agentas well as in cosmetics. It is a fatty acid found naturally in variousanimal fats and oils. It is one of the chemicals that give thedecomposing fleshy seed coat of ginkgo its characteristic unpleasantodor.

As used herein, the term Humulene refers to either or both theα-Humulene and/or the β-Humulene isomers as pure forms or mixtures inany form. They are monocyclic sesquiterpene with an 11-membered ring.α-Humulene refers to the following structural formula:

α-Humulene (obsolete name: α-Caryophyllene) is often characterized ashaving an aroma that has been described as bitter, medium woody, andhoppy. α-Humulene has shown anti-inflammatory properties. Humulene isone of the essential oils made in the flowering cone of the hops plantHumulus lupulus. The concentration of humulene varies among differentvarieties of the plant, but can be up to 40% of the essential oil ofnoble hops.

As used herein, the term Ionol refers to an antioxidant that is in agroup of straining, sterically hindered phenols that has the followingstructural formula:

It is also known as Butylated Hydroxy Toluene (BHT). For the purpose ofthis disclosure “ionol” also refers to 3-oxo-α-ionol and/or β-Ionol in apure and/or mixture of any ratio. β-Ionol is often characterized ashaving a sweet, woody, herbal, fruity, floral, violet, tropical andberry aroma. As a flavoring it is a floral, violet-like, fruity, woody,berry flavor with powdery nuances.

As used herein, the term Ionone refers to either or both α-Ionone and/orβ-Ionone as pure forms or mixtures in any ratio as a group of compoundsknown as the rose ketones. α-Ionone refers to the following structuralformula:

β-Ionone refers to the following structural formula:

β-Ionone is often characterized as having a flowery, violet, raspberryodor. It is a significant contributor to the aroma of roses, despite itsrelatively low concentration, and is an important fragrance chemicalused in perfumes. β-ionone, derived from grape carotenoids, plays animportant role in the flavor of some red wines. The flavor imparted towine by β-ionone is a component of fruity/floral character of some ofthe most sought-after red wines of Bordeaux, Burgundy and the RhoneValley. β-Ionone demonstrates potent anticancer activity as well asantifungal properties.

As used herein, the term 7,8-dihydro-α-ionone refers to the followingstructural formula:

As used herein, the term ipsdienol refers to a terpene alcohol havingthe following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a balsamic, piney aroma. It is amajor component of the floral fragrance of several species of orchids.Ipsdienol is also one of the major aggregation pheromones of the barkbeetle in which it is believed to be a mating attractant.

As used herein, the term isoamyl acetate refers to an ester formed fromisoamyl alcohol and acetic acid that has the following structuralformula:

It is often characterized as having a strong odor similar to banana andpears. As used herein, the term isoamyl alcohol refers to3-methyl-1-butanol that has the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a pungent, fermented type, fusel,alcohol-like, ethereal cognac aroma with fruity, banana and molassesnotes. It is used as a flavor and fragrance agent. Its flavor is similarto fusel, fermented, fruity, banana, ethereal and cognac.

As used herein, the term isoamyl formate refers to 3-methylbutyl formatethat has the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a medium strength, ethereal, vinous,dry, earthy, fruity, green, plum, black currant aroma. As a flavoring ithas a sharp, green, apple and fruity flavor with winey, fatty notes.

As used herein, the term isoborneol refers to an isomer of borneol withthe alcohol group in a different position with the following structuralformula:

Isoborneol is often characterized as having a camphoraceous, sweet &musty, India ink-like aroma. It has shown antioxidant, anti-inflammatoryand some limited antimicrobial properties. It is used as a flavor andfragrance agent for beverages, ice cream, candy, baked goods, andchewing gum.

As used herein, the term isomyrcenol refers to a monoterpenoid with thefollowing structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a fresh, floral, lime-like odor.Isomyrcenol is used in the chemical communication systems of the Sprucebark beetle, the Pinyon pine beetle and the Double-spined bark beetle.

As used herein, the term isopulegol refers to C₁₀H₁₈O with the followingstructural formula:

It is often characterized as having a medium strength odor that isminty, cooling and bittersweet. It is used as a flavor and fragranceagent in candies and chewing gum. It is found in the hesperozygisrhododon shrub, as well as in eucalyptus citriodora. It is also commonlyused in cosmetics.

As used herein, the term isovaleric acid refers to 3-methylbutanoic acidwith the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a strong, pungent, sour, stinkyfeet, and sweaty cheese smell. It is a major component of the cause ofunpleasant foot odor. However, its volatile esters have pleasing scentsand are used widely in perfumery. Used as a flavoring it is cheesy,dairy, sweet creamy, fermented, waxy and berry. It has showneffectiveness as an anticonvulsant and antidepressant.

As used herein, the term isoprene refers to 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene.Isoprene is considered to be the monomer that is connected together toprovide the structural skeleton for most terpenes.

As used herein, the term kahweol refers to a diterpene that isstructurally related to cafestol with the following structural formula:

As used herein, the term lavandulol refers to a monoterpene alcohol aseither of its R and S enantiomer as pure forms or mixture in any ratiowith the following structural formula:

The (R) enantiomer is often characterized as having a weak floral,herbal odor with a slightly lemon-like, citrus fruity nuance. The (S)enantiomer is often characterized as having a weak odor.

As used herein, the term limonene refers to a liquid hydrocarbon that isa cyclic monoterpene with the following structural formula:

Limonene is often found in high amounts in cannabis resin as well astropical fruit rinds and many other fruits and flowers. The exact odoris determined by the structure of the terpene. Plants use limonene torepulse predators. For instance, flies have a group of receptors similarin function to the taste buds on our tongues. One of them detectsnoxious chemicals, and responds to Limonene as if it were toxic. This ishard wired into the fly's brain. Limonene is a potent antibacterial,antifungal and anticancer agent. Limonene has been used clinically todissolve gallstones, improve mood and relieve heartburn andgastrointestinal reflux. Limonene has been shown to destroybreast-cancer cells in lab experiments, and its powerful antimicrobialaction can kill pathogenic bacteria. Limonene sprays are also used totreat depression. Limonene is the second, third or fourth most prevalentterpene in almost all cannabis resins and it is a precursor to thesynthesis of other cannabinoids. Limonene is highly absorbed byinhalation and quickly appears in the bloodstream. Since Limonene isknown to affect the permeability of the cell membranes, it allows moreTHC to reach brain cells and increases the absorption of other terpenes.Limonene's design facilitates a direct response by quickly permeatingthe blood-brain barrier. The result is increased systolic bloodpressure. One test, reported subjective alertness and restlessness.

As used herein, the term γ-linolenic acid refers to a fatty acid withthe following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having the slight, light aroma of vegetableoil. This is because it is an unsaturated fatty acid found primarily invegetable oils. It is sold as a dietary and health supplement, althoughthere is very limited evidence of any effectiveness, and only as aslight anti-inflammatory and blood-thinning agent.

As used herein, the term linalool refers to a terpene alcohol that hasthe following structural formula:

Linalool is being tested now for treatment of several types of cancer.It is also a component of several sedating essential oils includinglavender oil, which is believed to possess antianxiety and sedativeproperties. In tests on humans who inhaled it, it caused severesedation. In tests on lab rats it reduced their activity by almost 75%.In addition to being a compound that counters anxiety and mediatesstress, linalool is a strong anticonvulsant, and it also amplifiesserotonin-receptor transmission, conferring an antidepressant effect.Applied topically, linalool can heal acne and skin burns withoutscarring. Strains that are high in linalool may be particularlybeneficial for patients who experience insomnia due to their sedatingeffects.

As used herein, the term linalyl acetate refers to an acetate ester oflinalool that has the following structural formula:

Linalool is often characterized as having a floral scent reminiscent ofspring flowers such as lily of the valley, but with spicy overtones. Itis a terpenoid prominent in lavender. It is refined from lavender,neroli, and other essential oils. Humans can detect its odor at rates aslow as one part per million in the air.

As used herein, the term longifolene refers to a liquid hydrocarbon thatis a tricyclic sesquiterpene with (+) and (−) enantiomers. The (+)enantiomer refers to the following structural formula:

For the purposes of this disclosure, the term “linalool” refers toeither of its (+) and/or (−) enantiomers in a pure form or mixture inany ratio. It is often characterized as having a medium strength, sweet,woody, rosy, medical, fir needle odor. Longifolene is also one of twomost abundant aroma constituents of lapsang souchong tea, because thetea is smoked over pine fires. The Norway spruce produces longifolene asits main product.

As used herein, the term α-Longipinene refers to a bicyclicsesquiterpene with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a pine aromatic odor. The Norwayspruce produces high levels of α-Longipinene secondary to longifolene asits main product.

As used herein, the term lycopene refers to a symmetrical tetraterpenemade from 8 isoprene units with the following structural formula:

It also is considered a carotene. It is a pigment that gives a redcolor.

As used herein, the term luteolin refers to a flavonoid having thestructural formula:

It is often found in leaves, rinds, barks, clover blossoms, and ragweedpollen.

As used herein, the term menthol refers to a cyclohexane with thefollowing structural formula:

Menthol is often characterized as having a very strong, cooling,mentholic, minty, peppermint aroma and flavor. It is obtained fromcornmint, peppermint or other mint oils. Menthol has local anestheticand counter-irritant qualities, and it is widely used to relieve minorthroat irritation. Menthol also acts as a weak kappa opioid receptoragonist. Menthol is responsible for the well-known cooling sensation itprovokes when inhaled, eaten, or applied to the skin. In this sense, itis similar to capsaicin, the chemical responsible for the spiciness ofhot chilies (which stimulates heat sensors, also without causing anactual change in temperature).

As used herein, the term methyl butyrate refers to a methyl ester ofbutyric acid that has the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having an odor that is sulfurous with eggand cheese notes, and tomato, tropical-fruit top notes. Used inflavorings, its taste is a musty, sulfurous, Limburger-type cheese topnote, with a metallic cheese body. Some have described the odor assulfuric, cheese-like, putrid, cabbage or garlic.

As used herein, the term 3-Mercapto-2-Methylpentanal refers to analdehyde with a thiol and methyl group with the following structuralformula:

It is often characterized as having a very heavy, sulfurous, savory,alliaceous, garlic odor with tropical fruit and cultured dairy nuances.As a flavoring, it has a sulfurous, alliaceous, savory flavor withcooked onion and sautéed garlic notes and tropical fruit nuances ofmango and passion fruit.

As used herein, the term 3-Mercapto-2-Methylpentanol refers to apentanol with a thiol and methyl group with the following structuralformula:

It is often characterized as having a very strong, sulfurous, onion typearoma. It is used in seasonings as a food additive, but not used as afragrance. It is recommended to be smelled in a 0.10% solution or lessdue to its strength.

As used herein, the term mercaptan/thiols refers to an organosulfurcompound that contains a carbon-bonded sulfhydryl. It is oftencharacterized as the main odor constituent added to assist in thedetection of natural gas (which in pure form is odorless), and the“smell of natural gas” is due to the smell of the mercaptan thiol usedas the odorant.

As used herein, the term β-Mercaptoethanol refers to an ethanol with athiol (mercaptan) group with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having an extremely strong and persistentaroma that has all the basic rotten-egg sulfur-stink notes. It is anextremely intestinal and skunk-like odor.

As used herein, the term mercaptoacetic acid refers to a carboxylic acidwith a thiol group with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having an ugly, sharp, acrid, skunk smellwith plenty of endurance.

As used herein, the term allyl mercaptan refers to an allyl and thiolchemical compound with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a high strength, sulfurous andalliaceous, sauteed onion and garlic aroma with roasted, grilled andcharred meaty nuances.

It is used as a flavor additive and is described as alliaceous onion,garlic and leek with meaty bouillon savory nuances.

As used herein, the term benzyl mercaptan refers to a benzene and thiolchemical compound with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a high strength, sharp, alliaceous,sulfurous, onion, garlic, and horseradish aroma with mint and coffeenotes. It is a flavoring and is described as a green, leek, horseradish,cabbage, tomato and coffee flavor.

As used herein, the term butyl mercaptan refers to a butyl and thiolchemical compound with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having an extremely strong, fetid,extremely foul-smelling odor, commonly described as “skunk” odor. It isstructurally similar to several major components of a skunk's defensivespray but is not present in the spray itself. The scent of butylmercaptan is so strong that the human nose can easily detect it in theair at concentrations as low as 10 parts per billion. Used as a flavoradditive, it has a sulphureous, vegetative, savory meaty, garlic andonion taste.

As used herein, the term ethyl mercaptan refers to a thiol and ethylchemical compound with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a high strength, sulfurous, skunkyodor with a slight fruity note.

As used herein, the term methyl mercaptan refers to a thiol with amethyl group with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having an extremely strong, sulfurous,decomposing cabbage, skunky aroma. It is used in flavorings and isdescribed as sulfurous, alliaceous and creamy with a surface-ripenedcheese topnote and a clean savory meaty depth.

As used herein, the term furfuryl mercaptan refers to C₅H₆OS with thefollowing structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a very strong, oily, fatty, roastedcoffee, sulfurous skunky odor with a burnt match note. Used inflavorings, it is described as a sulfurous, roasted coffee, burntmatch-like, rubbery, and slightly nutty flavor with eggy and savorymeaty nuances.

As used herein, the term ethylene mercaptan refers to C₂H₆S₂ with thefollowing structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a very high strength, sulfurous,skunky odor with a slight meaty note. It is so strong, it is recommendedsmelling it in a 0.01% solution or less.

As used herein, the term propyl mercaptan refers to a thiol with apropyl group with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a high strength, alliaceous, naturalgas, sweet onion, cabbage odor.

As used herein, the term Thenyl Mercaptan refers to a cyclic thiol withthe following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a high strength, roast coffee, fishyaroma. It is used as a flavoring agent where it has the flavor ofcoffee.

As used herein, the term Methyl Salicylate refers to an organic esterwith the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a strong, distinct wintergreenaroma. Its flavor is sweet, salicylate and root beer like with aromaticand balsamic nuances. It is used as a fragrance, in foods and beverages,and in liniments where it is commonly used as a topical medicine formuscle, joint or soft tissue pain and inflammation.

As used herein, the term methylbutenol refers to a hemiterpenoid withthe following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a very strong, suffocating, maltyherb aroma. It is released in high concentrations from lodge pole pinetrees.

As used herein, the term Methyl-2-Methylvalerate refers to a carboxylicacid with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a medium strength, fruity, sweet,berry, pineapple, apple, banana, green melon and tropical aromas. Usedas a flavor additive in food, its taste is described as fruity, greenapple, grape, bubble gum and pineapple-like.

As used herein, the term methyl thiobutyrate refers to methyl butyratethat has a sulfur atom instead of an oxygen atom with the followingstructural formula:

As used herein, the term Myrcene (β-Myrcene) refers to a monoterpenewith the following structural formula:

β-Myrcene is often characterized as having an odor that is variouslydescribed as an aroma of hops, clove like, earthy, green-vegetative,citrus, fruity with tropical, mango and minty nuances. The various odorsare the result of slight differences in the overall makeup. Theseflavors and odors are commonly used to describe Cannabis.

As used herein, the term γ-Muurolene refers to a sesquiterpene with thefollowing structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a medium strength, oily, woody type,and a herbal spice aroma. It is used in the chemical communicationsystem of the Lucerne seed wasp and the European grapevine moth.

As used herein, the term Nepetalactone refers to a bicyclicmonoterpenoid that has the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a valerian odor that is generallyconsidered unpleasant by humans. It has a compound that resembles acomponent of a female cat urine odorant thought to mimic sexcommunication pheromones. It is one of the main attractants andstimulants in catnip, which, when inhaled, insights wild play behaviorin many cats (i.e., gets them ‘stoned’). It has also been shown to be anactive repellent for cockroaches, and recent tests on yellow fevermosquitoes showed that it was 10 times more of an effective repellentthan DEET (N,N diethyl-m-toluamide), the most popular synthetic insectrepellent. As used herein, the term nerol refers to a monoterpene withthe following structural formula:

Nerol is often characterized as having a strong, fresh, wet seashore tosweet rose odor. It is a constituent of attar of roses, oil of orangeblossoms and oil of lavender. It is used as a fragrance in cosmetics andas a flavor agent. Its flavor has been described as lemon, bitter, greenand fruity with a terpy nuance.

As used herein, the term nerolidol refers to a sesquiterpene withC₁₅H₂₆O with cis and trans isomers. The trans isomer has the followingstructural formula:

The cis isomer has the following structural formula:

Nerolidol is often characterized as having a mild, delicate odor that isfloral, apple, rose, green and citrus-like with woody, waxy nuances. Itcan be found in ginger, niaouli and citronella. It is present as alow-level component in orange and other citrus peels. It is used as aflavor and fragrance agent. Its flavor has been described as green,floral and woody with fruity-citrus and melon nuances.

It has antifungal, antileishmaniasis and antimalarial properties. It isalso known to produce a sedative effect.

As used herein, the term neryl acetate refers to an acetate ester ofnerol with the structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a floral and fruity aroma.

As used herein, the term Nonanaldehyde refers to an aldehyde with thefollowing structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a high strength, soapy, axy,aldehydic, citrus odor with a fresh, slightly green, lemon peel likenuance, and a cucumber fattiness. It is a component of perfumes,although it also occurs in several natural oils. Used in flavorings, itstaste is an effervescent, aldehydic, citrus, cucumber and melon rindwith raw potato and oily nutty and coconut-like nuances. It has beenidentified as a compound that attracts mosquitoes.

As used herein, the term nonanoic acid refers to a carboxylic acid withthe following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a high strength, unpleasant, rancid,waxy, dirty and cheesy aroma with a cultured dairy nuance. Used as acosmetic, a fragrance and a flavor agent, its flavor is fatty, waxy andcheesy with a mild, sweet creamy background.

As used herein, the term ocimene refers to a group of isomerichydrocarbons that are monoterpenes. α-Ocimene has the followingstructural formula:

For this disclosure ocimene can mean any of the isomers in a single pureform and/or combination. α-Ocimene is often characterized as having amedium strength, fruity, floral aroma with a wet cloth note. It iscontributor to green odor of unripe mango and of mango ginger (Curcumaamada). It is used in oriental pickles. β-Ocimene is often characterizedas having a medium strength, tropical, green, terpy and woody odor withvegetable nuances. It is used as a flavoring agent where it has a green,tropical, woody flavor with floral and vegetable nuances. It is a flavorand fragrance additive as well as a common component in many essentialoils. β-cis-Ocimene is often characterized as having a medium strength,warm, floral, herbal, sweet, citrus-like aroma. It is a component of thechemical communication system of the tea weevil and cotton bollworm. Ithas shown some antioxidative properties. β-trans-Ocimene is oftencharacterized as having a mild, herbaceous, citrusy sweet, orange tolemon aroma. It is used in the chemical communication system ofboxelders, a few beetles, and the Phytoseiulus Persimilis predatorymite.

As used herein, the term octanal refers to an aldehyde with thefollowing structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a very strong aldehydic waxy citrusgreen orange peel nuance. As a flavoring it is aldehyde and green with apeely, citrus, orange note.

As used herein, the term Octanoic Acid refers to a saturated fatty acidwith the following structural formula:

It is often characterized with a very strong, musty, rancid,penetrating, fatty, waxy, oily, cheesy, sweat-like odor that isrepulsive to most people. It is used as a cosmetic surfactant and as aflavoring agent for processed cheeses.

As used herein, the term p-cymene refers to an aromatic compound relatedto a monoterpene with the following structural formula:

p-Cymene is often characterized as having a musty tang of terpenes withan orange to carrot odor, although synthetic p-Cymene can have aturpentine-like odor. It has shown Antibiotic, Anticandidal and AChEinhibiting properties. p-Cymene is a constituent of a number ofessential oils, most commonly the oils of cumin and thyme.

As used herein, the term pentyl butyrate refers to an ester of apentanol and butyric acid with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a smell reminiscent of pear orapricot.

As used herein, the term Phellandrene refers to a cyclic monoterpenewith two isomers. α-Phellandrene has two double bonds within the ringwith the structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a medium strength, terpenic, citrus,herbal, slightly green, black pepper-like odor. It is a flavor additivewhere it is described as a terpenic, citrus lime with a fresh greennote. β-Phellandrene has one double bond in ring with the structuralformula:

It is often characterized as having a medium strength, peppery-minty andslightly citrusy odor with a slight minty-turpentine note.

As used herein, the term Phenylacetaldehyde refers to an aldehyde with aphenyl group with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a very powerful and penetratingpungent honey-like sweet and green floral odor of passion fruit. It isfound in buckwheat, chocolate and many other foods and flowers. As anadditive its flavor is a honey, sweet, floral, chocolate and cocoa, witha spicy nuance. It has shown some antibiotic and anti-asthmaticactivity.

As used herein, the term Phenylethanethiol refers to C₈H₁₀S that hasmultiple isomers. 2-Phenylethanethiol has the following structuralformula:

Within the context of this disclosure, phenylethanethiol refers to anyof the isomers as a pure compound and/or in any mixture. It is oftencharacterized as having the high strength odor of rubber.

As used herein, the term phenylacetic acid refers to a phenyl andcarboxylic acid compound with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a sour yet sweet, waxy, civet,honey, rosey, floral odor similar to honeysuckle with notes of chocolateand tobacco. It is also used in cosmetics for perfuming. Used as aflavoring, it has been described as sweet, floral, chocolate and honeywith tobacco notes.

As used herein, the term phytol refers to diterpene alcohol with thefollowing structural formula:

Phytol is often characterized having a mild, light floral, balsamic,green jasmine, green tea type of aroma. It's been shown to preventVitamin A teratogenesis.

As used herein, the term α-Pinene refers to a bicyclic monoterpene withthe following structural formula:

α-Pinene is often associated with the familiar odor associated with pinetrees and their resins. It is a major component in turpentine and isfound in many other plant essential oils in noticeable amounts includingrosemary, sage, eucalyptus and many others. Pinene can be used medicallyas an expectorant, and topical antiseptic. It easily crosses theblood-brain barrier where it acts as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor;that is, it inhibits activity of a chemical that destroys an informationtransfer molecule. This results in better memory. Pinene also promotesalertness and memory retention. Largely due to the presence of pinene,rosemary and sage are both considered “memory plants.” Concoctions madefrom their leaves have been used for thousands of years in traditionalmedicine to retain and restore memory. It is also a bronchodilator. Apharmacokinetics study of inhaled α-pinene in humans demonstrated 60%uptake, and a relative bronchodilation effect. The smoke seems to expandin your lungs and the high comes on very quickly since a high percentageof the substance will pass into the bloodstream and brain. It alsoincreases focus, self-satisfaction and energy, which generallycounteracts with the presence of Terpineol. α-Pinene has inhibitedacetylcholinesterase, suggesting utility in the clinical treatment ofAlzheimer's disease.

As used herein, the term β-Pinene refers to a monoterpene with thefollowing structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a woody-green pine-like smell.β-Pinene is one of the most abundant compounds released by forest trees.It is one of the two isomers of pinene (The other being α-Pinene) and itshares similar properties.

As used herein, the term propanethiol refers to a thiol with a propanegroup with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a high strength, alliaceous odor ofcabbage, sweet onion and natural gas. It belongs to the group of thiols.It is colorless with a strong, offensive odor.

As used herein the term pristimerin refers to a five-cyclic triterpenewith the following structural formula:

As used herein, the term pulegone refers to a cyclic monoterpene withthe following structural formula:

Pulegone is often characterized as having a minty-camphor odor andflavor that is used in the candy industry. It is implicated in liverdamage in very high dosages. Pulegone is an acetylcholinesteraseinhibitor. Thus, it stops the action of the protein that destroysacetylcholine, which is used by the brain to store memories. It maycounteract THC's activity, which leads to low acetylcholine levels. Theresult is that you would forget more on THC alone than you would on THCaccompanied by Pulegone.

As used herein, the term quercetin refers to a flavonoid with thefollowing structural formula:

It is often characterized as a polar auxin transport inhibitor.

As used herein, the term retinol refers to a cyclic diterpenoid alcoholwith the following structural formula:

It is a type of vitamin A that can be converted to other types ofvitamin A.

As used herein, the term rutin refers to glycoside that has thefollowing structural formula:

It is often characterized as citrus flavonoid found in many plants.

As used herein, the term sabinene refers to a bicyclic monoterpene thathas the following structural formula enantiomers:

Sabinene is often characterized as having a medium strength, warm,oily-peppery, woody, herbaceous and spicy pine odor with citrus notes.As a flavoring it is oily, citrus and tropical fruity. It is found inoak trees, tea tree oil, black pepper and is a major constituent ofcarrot seed oil.

As used herein, the term sabinene hydrate refers to a cyclic monoterpenealcohol with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a medium strength, herbal, cooling,minty, eucalyptol, green and terpy odor with a spicy nuance. It is usedas a flavor additive and has a cool, minty, camphoreous, woody green,and oily flavor. It is also used in fragrances and cosmetics.

As used herein, the term cis-Sabinene Hydrate refers to the sabinenehydrate structure in which alcohol group is oriented behind the methylgroup.

It is often characterized as having a medium strength balsamic odor.

As used herein, the term trans-Sabinene Hydrate refers to the sabinenehydrate structure in which the alcohol group is oriented in front of themethyl group.

It is often characterized as having a medium strength, more woody,balsamic odor.

As used herein, the term Safranal refers to a monoterpene with analdehyde that has the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as being the component primarily responsiblefor the aroma of saffron. Its flavor is a woody, medicinal, phenolic,spicy and camphoreous with a fruity herbal nuance. Safranal is aneffective anticonvulsant, an agonist and it exhibits high antioxidantand free radical scavenging activity as well as cytotoxicity towardscancer cells. It has also been shown to have antidepressant properties.

As used herein, the term α-Selinene refers to a bicyclic sesquiterpenethat has the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a distinct odor of amber. It is oneof the principal components of the oil from celery seeds. It has shownanalgesic antioxidant and antifungal activity with antimicrobialpotential.

As used herein, the term α-Sinensal refers to a sesquiterpenoid that hasthe following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a medium strength, citrus orange,mandarin aroma. Its flavor is an orange, waxy and juicy citrus with abitter peel nuance.

As used herein, the term β-Sinensal refers to a sesquiterpenoid that hasthe following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a medium strength, sweet, fresh,waxy, citrus, orange juicy odor. It is mainly used in fragrances.

As used herein, the term β-Sitosterol refers to plant sterols with asimilar structure to cholesterols that has the following structuralformula:

It is often characterized as having a charastic waxy aroma. It is foundin pecans, avocados, pumpkin seeds, cashews, corn oils, and soybeans. Ithas shown anti-inflammatory properties.

As used herein, the term squalene refers to a hydrocarbon triterpenethat has the following structural formula:

It plays an important part in the synthesis of plant and animal sterols.

As used herein, the term taxadiene refers to a tricyclic diterpene thathas the following structural formula:

It is an intermediate in the synthesis of taxol.

As used herein, the term terpin hydrate refers to a drug commonly usedto loosen mucus in patients with respiratory issues. It has thefollowing structural formula:

As used herein the term terpineol refers to a cyclic monoterpene alcoholwith the following structural formula:

The α isomer has an isopropyl alcohol group. α-Terpineol is oftencharacterized as having a lilac, citrus or apple blossom to lime odor.It is used extensively in the perfume industry. Terpineol however, isoften found in cannabis with high pinene levels. Therefore, the pungentaromas of pinene very often mask its odor. It is a minor constituent ofmany plant essential oils. It is also used in soaps for fragrance. Itreduces the capability for movement by 45% in lab rat tests. It was alsoshown to be deeply sedating upon inhalation. This may partially accountfor the couch lock effects of some cannabis although it is not usuallyassociated with body highs.

As used herein, the term terpinen-4-ol refers to the isomer of terpineolthat has the following structural formula:

Terpinen-4-ol is often characterized as having a pleasantly herbaceous,peppery, woody odor and is used in commercial fragrances. Terpinen-4-olis used in fragrances for spice types. It is considered the primaryactive ingredient of tea tree oil. It is the compound of highestconcentration in the essential oil of nutmeg. It also occurs in oil ofcypress, juniper berry, Ceylon cardamom, marjoram, thyme, and a fewothers. It has been shown to act as an AChE inhibitor and as anantibiotic.

As used herein, the term α-Terpinene refers to a cyclic monoterpene thathas the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a refreshing, lemony-citrus aroma.It has been isolated from cardamom and marjoram oils.

As used herein, the term γ-Terpinene refers to a cyclic monoterpene thathas the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a herbaceous, citrusy sweet aroma.It is commercially extracted from tea tree oil. γ-Terpinene showsantimicrobial properties against various human pathogens. It has alsobeen studied for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory andantiproliferative activities.

As used herein, the term terpinolene/δ-Terpinene refers to a cyclicmonoterpene with an isoprene group that has the following structuralformula:

Terpinolene is often characterized as having a medium strength, herbalaroma that has been described as fresh, woody, sweet and piney with ahint of citrus. Its flavor is a sweet, woody, terpy, lemon and lime-likewith a slight herbal and floral nuance. It is used as a flavor andfragrance agent. Its use in fragrances in the USA alone exceeds 50,000lb/yr. Terpinolene is used in soap, detergent, creams, lotions, andperfume.

As used herein, the term thiophenol refers to a benzene ring with asulfur atom that has the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having an extremely potent, extremelypersistent, foul-smelling, pure essence of burning rubber. It has a highstrength, meaty, repulsive, penetrating, garlic, sulfurous odor with arubbery, allicious backnote.

Used in flavorings it is described as a meaty, phenolic taste with aburnt rubber sulphureous nuance.

As used herein, the term thujone refers to a bicyclic monoterpene with aketone that has two diastereomeric forms that each has two possibleenantiomers. (−)-α-thujone has the following structural formula:

For the purposes of this closure “thujone” refers to any of the isomericforms in a pure form or mixture of any ratio. It is often characterizedas having a menthol like odor.

As used herein, the term thymol refers to a monoterpene phenol with thefollowing structural formula:

Thymol is often characterized as having a distinctive, strong flavor ofthe herb thyme. It is often found in oil of thyme, and extracted fromThymus vulgaris (common thyme) and various other kinds of plants as awhite crystalline substance of a pleasant, aromatic odor and strongantiseptic properties. Thymol is a natural monoterpene phenol derivativeof Cymene.

As used herein, the term α-Tocopherol refers to a form of vitamin E thathas the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a very bland, slight, vegetableoil-like odor. α-Tocopherol is one of the most active component of thevitamin E complex, and this organic substance is the most powerfulantioxidant in the lipid phase of the human body. α-Tocopherol can be toeffectively deactivate free radicals and stop chain reactions beforethey can run away.

As used herein, the term Tonka undecanone refers to bicyclic structurewith a carbonyl and ester that has the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a medium strength, sweet, spicy,balsamic, Tonka woody tobacco green aroma.

As used herein, the term undecanal refers to an aldehyde that has thefollowing structural formula:

It is often characterized as having an intensely soapy, aldehydic, waxyand slightly effervescent orangey citrus-like odor with a watermelon,pineapple and cilantro background. As an additive, its flavor is Waxy,aldehydic and soapy with a citrus note and slight laundry detergentnuance. Undecanal is a common component of perfumes.

As used herein, the term Valeraldehyde/Pentanal refers to an alkylaldehyde with the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a fermented type, diffusive, bready,fruity odor with berry nuances. Used as a flavoring agent, it has awine-like, fermented, bready, cocoa flavor with chocolate notes.

As used herein, the term verdoxan refers to a cyclic ether with thefollowing structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a medium strength odor of earthy,fruity, green, herbal, sawn old wood. It is used in fragrances andcosmetics.

As used herein, the term α-Ylangene refers to a cyclic sesquiterpenewith the following structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a spicy, fruity aroma. It is anatural substance often found in wine and is emitted by some plants. Ithas shown both antibacterial and antioxidant properties.

As used herein, the term Umbelliferone refers to a phenylpropanoid thathas the following structural formula:

It has been reported to have antioxidant properties and can stronglyabsorb ultraviolet light at several wavelengths.

As used herein, the term vanillin refers to a phenolic aldehyde with thefollowing structural formula:

It is often characterized as having a pleasant, sweet aroma, andcharacteristic vanilla-like flavor.

As used herein, the term “flavonoid” means a class of secondary plantmetabolites that have a general 15-carbon skeleton structure whichconsists of two phenyl rings and a heterocyclic ring. Examples offlavonoids within the context of this disclosure include broadlyphenolic acids, stilbenoids, dihydroflavonols, anthocyanins,anthocyanidins, polyphenols, tannins, flavones, flavan-3-ols,Flavan-4-ol, Flavan-3,4-diol flavonols, phytochemicals, antioxidants,homoisoflavonoids, and any keytone containing compound including:flavonoids or bioflavonoids, isoflavonoids, neoflavonoids or theirderivatives.

As used herein, the term “cellulose” means an organic compound with theformula (C₆H₁₀O₅)_(n). Within the context of this disclosure, the phrase“substantially free from cellulose” is intended to distinguish purifiedcomponents of naturally occurring plants (for example the cannabisplant) from the isolated chemical compounds that are free from plantmaterial, such as cellulose.

As used herein, the term “mineral” means a naturally occurring substancethat is solid, inorganic, and has an ordered atomic structure. Examplesof minerals within the context of this disclosure include lithium.

Disclosed herein are compositions comprising a purified cannabinoid anda purified mineral. In one embodiment, the purified mineral is lithium.In one embodiment, the composition consists essentially of a firstpurified cannabinoid and a purified mineral.

Disclosed herein are compositions comprising a purified cannabinoid anda purified terpene.

In one embodiment, the composition disclosed herein comprises a terpenechosen from 7,8-dihydroionone, Acetanisole, Acetic Acid, Acetyl Cedrene,Anethole, Anisole, Benzaldehyde, Bergamotene (α-cis-Bergamotene)(α-trans-Bergamotene), Bisabolol (β-Bisabolol), Borneol,Butanoic/Butyric Acid, Cadinene (α-Cadinene) (γ-Cadinene), Cafestol,Caffeic acid, Camphene, Camphor, Capsaicin, Carene (Δ-3-Carene),Carotene, Carvacrol, Carvone, Dextro-Carvone, Laevo-Carvone,Caryophyllene (β-Caryophyllene), Caryophyllene oxide, CastoreumAbsolute, Cedrene (α-Cedrene) (β-Cedrene), Cedrene Epoxide (α-CedreneEpoxide), Cedrol, Cembrene, Chlorogenic Acid, Cinnamaldehyde(α-amyl-Cinnamaldehyde) (α-hexyl-Cinnamaldehyde), Cinnamic Add, CinnamylAlcohol, Citronellal, Citronellol, Cryptone, Curcumene (α-Curcumene)(γ-Curcumene), Decanal, Dehydrovomifoliol, Diallyl Disulfide,Dihydroactinidiolide, Dimethyl Disulfide, Eicosane/Icosane, Elemene(β-Elemene), Estragole, Ethyl acetate, Ethyl Cinnamate, Ethyl maltol,Eucalyptol/1,8-Cineole, Eudesmol (α-Eudesmol) (β-Eudesmol) (γ-Eudesmol),Eugenol, Euphol, Farnesene, Farnesol, Fenchol (β-Fenchol), Fenchone,Geraniol, Geranyl acetate, Germacrenes, Germacrene B, Guaia-1(10),11-diene, Guaiacol, Guaiene (α-Guaiene), Gurjunene (α-Gurjunene),Herniarin, Hexanaldehyde, Hexanoic Acid, Humulene (α-Humulene)(β-Humulene), Ionol (3-oxo-α-Ionol) (β-Ionol), Ionone (α-Ionone)(β-Ionone), Ipsdienol, Isoamyl acetate, Isoamyl Alcohol, IsoamylFormate, Isoborneol, Isomyrcenol, Isopulegol, Isovaleric Acid, Isoprene,Kahweol, Lavandulol, Limonene, γ-Linolenic Add, Linalool, Longifolene,α-Longipinene, Lycopene, Menthol, Methyl butyrate,3-Mercapto-2-Methylpentanal, Mercaptan/Thiols, β-Mercaptoethanol,Mercaptoacetic Add, Allyl Mercaptan, Benzyl Mercaptan, Butyl Mercaptan,Ethyl Mercaptan, Methyl Mercaptan, Furfuryl Mercaptan, EthyleneMercaptan, Propyl Mercaptan, Thenyl Mercaptan, Methyl Salicylate,Methylbutenol, Methyl-2-Methylvalerate, Methyl Thiobutyrate, Myrcene(β-Myrcene), γ-Muurolene, Nepetalactone, Nerol, Nerolidol, Nerylacetate, Nonanaldehyde, Nonanoic Add, Ocimene, Octanal, Octanoic Add,P-cymene, Pentyl butyrate, Phellandrene, Phenylacetaldehyde,Phenylethanethiol, Phenylacetic Add, Phytol, Pinene, β-Pinene,Propanethiol, Pristimerin, Pulegone, Retinol, Sabinene, SabineneHydrate, cis-Sabinene Hydrate; trans-Sabinene Hydrate, Safranal,α-Selinene, Sinensal, β-Sinensal, β-Sitosterol, Squalene, Taxadiene,Terpin hydrate, Terpineol, Terpine-4-ol, α-Terpinene, γ-Terpinene,Terpinolene, Thiophenol, Thujone, Thymol, α-Tocopherol; TonkaUndecanone, Undecanal, Valeraldehyde/Pentanal, Verdoxan, α-Ylangene,Umbelliferone, or Vanillin. In one embodiment the composition disclosedherein comprises a terpene chosen from α-terpineol, Bergamotene(α-cis-Bergamotene) (α-trans-Bergamotene), Bisabolol (β-Bisabolol),Borneol, Camphor, Capsaicin, Carvacrol, Caryophyllene (β-Caryophyllene),Caryophyllene oxide, Cineole, Cinnamaldehyde (α-amyl-Cinnamaldehyde)(α-hexyl-Cinnamaldehyde), Cinnamyl Alcohol, Citronellal, Citronellol,Ethyl, Cinnamate, Eucalyptol/1,8-Cineole, Farnesol, Fenchol (β-Fenchol),Geranyl acetate, Germacrene B, Guaiene (α-Guaiene), Humulene(α-Humulene) (β-Humulene), Ionol (3-oxo-α-ionol) (β-Ionol), Ionone(α-Ionone) (β-Ionone), Isoamyl acetate, Isoprene, Kahweol,Laevo-Carvone, Lavandulol, Limonene, Linalool, Linalyl acetate,Luteolin, Lycopene, Menthol, Myrcene (β-Myrcene), Nerol, Nerolidol,Neryl acetate, P-cymene, Phytol, Pinene, Pristimerin, Pulegonecarotene,Retinol, Terpin hydrate, Terpineol, Terpinol-4-ol, Terpinolene, Thujone,Thymol, or Vanillin.

In one embodiment, the composition herein disclosed comprises ofCannabigerolic Acid (CBGA), Cannabigerolic Acid monomethylether (CBGAM),Cannabigerol (CBG), Cannabigerol monomethylether (CBGM),Cannabigerovarinic Acid (CBGVA), Cannabigerovarin (CBGV),Cannabichromenic Acid (CBCA), Cannabichromene (CBC),Cannabichromevarinic Acid (CBCVA), Cannabichromevarin (CBCV),Cannabidiolic Acid (CBDA), Cannabidiol (CBD), Cannabidiolmonomethylether (CBDM), Cannabidiol-C₄ (CBD-C₄), Cannabidivarinic Acid(CBDVA), Cannabidivarin (CBDV), Cannabidiorcol (CBD-C₁),Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA-A), Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid B(THCA-B), Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid C₄(THCA-C₄), Tetrahydrocannbinol C₄ (THC-C₄), Tetrahydrocannabivarinicacid (THCVA), Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), Tetrahydrocannabiorcolicacid (THCA-C₁), Tetrahydrocannabiorcol (THC-C₁),Δ⁷-cis-iso-tetrahydrocannabivarin, Δ⁸-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid(Δ8-THCA), Δ⁸-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ⁸-THC), Cannabicyclolic acid(CBLA), Cannabicyclol (CBL), Cannabicyclovarin (CBLV), Cannabielsoicacid A (CBEA-A), Cannabielsoic acid B (CBEA-B), Cannabielsoin (CBE),Cannabinolic acid (CBNA), Cannabinol (CBN), Cannabinol methylether(CBNM), Cannabinol-C₄ (CBN-C₄), Cannabivarin (CBV), Cannabino-C₂(CBN-C₂), Cannabiorcol (CBN-C₁), Cannabinodiol (CBND), Cannabinodivarin(CBDV), Cannabitriol (CBT),10-Ethoxy-9-hydroxy-Δ^(6a)-tetrahydrocannabinol,8,9-Dihydroxy-Δ^(6a(10a))-tetrahydrocannabinol (8,9-Di-OH-CBT-C₅),Cannabitriolvarin (CBTV), Ethoxy-cannabitriolvarin (CBTVE),Dehydrocannabifuran (DCBF), Cannbifuran (CBF), Cannabichromanon (CBCN),Cannabicitran (CBT), 10-Oxo-Δ^(6a(10a))-tetrahydrocannabinol (OTHC),Δ⁹-cis-tetrahydrocannabinol (cis-THC), Cannabiripsol (CBR),3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-7-hydroxy-alpha-alpha-2-trimethyl-9-n-propyl-2,6-methano-2H-1-benzoxocin-5-methanol(OH-iso-HHCV), Trihydroxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (triOH-THC),Yangonin, Epigallocatechin gallate, Dodeca-2E,4E,8Z,10Z-tetraenoic acidisobutylamide or Dodeca-2E,4E-dienoic acid isobutylamide.

In one embodiment, the composition herein disclosed comprises a firstpurified cannabinoid chosen from Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC),Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), Cannabichromene (CBC), Cannabichromanon(CBCN), Cannabidiol (CBD), Cannabielsoin (CBE), Cannabidivarin (CBDV),Cannbifuran (CBF), Cannabicyclol (CBL), Cannabinol (CBN), Cannabinodiol(CBND), Cannabitriol (CBT), Cannabivarin (CBV), and Isocanabinoids.

In one embodiment the first purified cannabinoid is chosen fromCannabigerolic Acid (CBGA), Cannabigerolic Acid monomethylether (CBGAM),Cannabigerol (CBG), Cannabigerol monomethylether (CBGM),Cannabigerovarinic Acid (CBGVA), Cannabigerovarin (CBGV),Cannabichromenic Acid (CBCA), Cannabichromene (CBC),Cannabichromevarinic Acid (CBCVA), Cannabichromevarin (CBCV),Cannabidiolic Acid (CBDA), Cannabidiol (CBD), Cannabidiolmonomethylether (CBDM), Cannabidiol-C₄ (CBD-C₄), Cannabidivarinic Acid(CBDVA), Cannabidivarin (CBDV), Cannabidiorcol (CBD-C₁),Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA-A), Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid B(THCA-B), Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid C₄(THCA-C₄), Tetrahydrocannbinol C₄ (THC-C₄), Tetrahydrocannabivarinicacid (THCVA), Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), Tetrahydrocannabiorcolicacid (THCA-C₁), Tetrahydrocannabiorcol (THC-C₁),Δ⁷-cis-iso-tetrahydrocannabivarin, Δ⁸-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid(Δ8-THCA), Δ⁸-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ⁸-THC), Cannabicyclolic acid(CBLA), Cannabicyclol (CBL), Cannabicyclovarin (CBLV), Cannabielsoicacid A (CBEA-A), Cannabielsoic acid B (CBEA-B), Cannabielsoin (CBE),Cannabinolic acid (CBNA), Cannabinol (CBN), Cannabinol methylether(CBNM), Cannabinol-C₄ (CBN-C₄), Cannabivarin (CBV), Cannabino-C₂(CBN-C₂), Cannabiorcol (CBN-C₁), Cannabinodiol (CBND), Cannabinodivarin(CBDV), Cannabitriol (CBT),10-Ethoxy-9-hydroxy-Δ^(6a)-tetrahydrocannabinol,8,9-Dihydroxy-Δ^(6a(10a))-tetrahydrocannabinol (8,9-Di-OH-CBT-C₅),Cannabitriolvarin (CBTV), Ethoxy-cannabitriolvarin (CBTVE),Dehydrocannabifuran (DCBF), Cannbifuran (CBF), Cannabichromanon (CBCN),Cannabicitran (CBT), 10-Oxo-Δ^(6a(10a))-tetrahydrocannabinol (OTHC),Δ⁹-cis-tetrahydrocannabinol (cis-THC), Cannabiripsol (CBR),3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-7-hydroxy-alpha-alpha-2-trimethyl-9-n-propyl-2,6-methano-2H-1-benzoxocin-5-methanol(OH-iso-HHCV), Trihydroxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (triOH-THC),Yangonin, Epigallocatechin gallate, Dodeca-2E,4E,8Z,10Z-tetraenoic acidisobutylamide or Dodeca-2E,4E-dienoic acid isobutylamide

and a second purified cannabinoid chosen from Cannabigerolic Acid(CBGA), Cannabigerolic Acid monomethylether (CBGAM), Cannabigerol (CBG),Cannabigerol monomethylether (CBGM), Cannabigerovarinic Acid (CBGVA),Cannabigerovarin (CBGV), Cannabichromenic Acid (CBCA), Cannabichromene(CBC), Cannabichromevarinic Acid (CBCVA), Cannabichromevarin (CBCV),Cannabidiolic Acid (CBDA), Cannabidiol (CBD), Cannabidiolmonomethylether (CBDM), Cannabidiol-C₄ (CBD-C₄), Cannabidivarinic Acid(CBDVA), Cannabidivarin (CBDV), Cannabidiorcol (CBD-C₁),Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA-A), Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid B(THCA-B), Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid C₄(THCA-C₄), Tetrahydrocannbinol C₄ (THC-C₄), Tetrahydrocannabivarinicacid (THCVA), Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), Tetrahydrocannabiorcolicacid (THCA-C₁), Tetrahydrocannabiorcol (THC-C₁),Δ⁷-cis-iso-tetrahydrocannabivarin, Δ⁸-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid(Δ8-MCA), Δ⁸-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ⁸-THC), Cannabicyclolic acid (CBLA),Cannabicyclol (CBL), Cannabicyclovarin (CBLV), Cannabielsoic acid A(CBEA-A), Cannabielsoic acid B (CBEA-B), Cannabielsoin (CBE),Cannabinolic acid (CBNA), Cannabinol (CBN), Cannabinol methylether(CBNM), Cannabinol-C₄ (CBN-C₄), Cannabivarin (CBV), Cannabino-C₂(CBN-C₂), Cannabiorcol (CBN-C₁), Cannabinodiol (CBND), Cannabinodivarin(CBDV), Cannabitriol (CBT),10-Ethoxy-9-hydroxy-Δ^(6a)-tetrahydrocannabinol,8,9-Dihydroxy-Δ^(6a(10a))-tetrahydrocannabinol (8,9-Di-OH-CBT-C₅),Cannabitriolvarin (CBTV), Ethoxy-cannabitriolvarin (CBTVE),Dehydrocannabifuran (DCBF), Cannbifuran (CBF), Cannabichromanon (CBCN),Cannabicitran (CBT), 10-Oxo-Δ^(6(10a))-tetrahydrocannabinol (OTHC),Δ⁹-cis-tetrahydrocannabinal (cis-THC), Cannabiripsol (CBR),3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-7-hydroxy-alpha-alpha-2-trimethyl-9-n-propyl-2,6-methano-2H-1-benzoxocin-5-methanol(OH-iso-HHCV), Trihydroxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (triOH-THC),Yangonin, Epigallocatechin gallate, Dodeca-2E,4E,8Z,10Z-tetraenoic acidisobutylamide or Dodeca-2E,4E-dienoic acid isobutylamide.

Disclosed herein, is a composition comprising a purified cannabinoid anda purified flavonoid.

In one embodiment, the composition herein disclosed comprises aflavonoid chosen from phenolic acids, stilbenoids, dihydroflavonols,anthocyanins, anthocyanidins, polyphenols, tannins, flavones,flavan-3-ols, Flavan-4-ol, Flavan-3,4-diol flavonols, phytochemicals,antioxidants, homoisoflavonoids, phenylpropanoids, Phloroglucinolscoumarins, Naphthodianthrones, Steroid glycosides, bioflavonoids,isoflavonoids, and neoflavonoids. In one embodiment, the compositionherein disclosed comprises a flavonoid chosen from Adenosine,Adhyperforin, amentoflavone, Anandamide, Apigenin, Cannaflavin B,Catechin (C), Catechin 3-gallate (Cg), Chlorogenic acid, cichoric acid,caftaric acid, Daidzein, Delphinidin, Eleutherosides, Epicatechin3-gallate (ECg), Epicatechins, Epicatechin, epigallocatechin, myricetin,Oxalic acid, Pelargonidin, Tannin, Theaflavin-3-gallate, Theanine,Theobromine, Theophylline, Tryptophan, Tyramine, Xanthine, Caffeine,Cannaflavin A, Cannaflavin B, Catechin (C), Catechin 3-gallate (Cg),Epicatechin 3-gallate (ECg), Epicatechins (Epicatechin (EC)),epigallocatechin, Epigallocatechin (EGC), Epigallocatechin 3-gallate(EGCg), Gallocatechin (GC), Gallocatechin 3-gallate (GCg)), Gamma aminobutyric acid, Genistein, Ginkgo biloba, Ginsenosides, Quercetin,Quercitrin, or Rutin. In one embodiment, the composition hereindisclosed comprises a flavonoid chosen from Caffeine, Cannaflavin A,Cannaflavin B, Catechin (C), Catechin 3-gallate (Cg), Epicatechin3-gallate (ECg), Epicatechins (Epicatechin (EC)), epigallocatechin,Epigallocatechin (EGC), Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCg), Gallocatechin(GC), Gallocatechin 3-gallate (GCg)), Gamma amino butyric acid,Genistein, Ginkgo biloba, Ginsenosides, Quercetin, Quercitrin, or Rutin.

Disclosed herein is a composition comprising a purified cannabinoid anda purified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprisesCannabichromene and at least one purified terpene chosen from Linalool,Borneol, Elemene, Myrcene, Nerolidol, Phytol, Terpinonlene, BornylAcetate, or Terpineol.

Disclosed herein is a composition comprising a purified cannabinoid anda purified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprisesCannabigerol and at least one purified terpene chosen from Linalool,Borneol, Elemene, Myrcene, Nerolidol, Phytol, Terpinonlene, BornylAcetate, or Terpineol.

Disclosed herein is a composition comprising a purified cannabinoid anda purified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprises Cannabinoland at least one purified terpene chosen from Linalool, Borneol,Elemene, Myrcene, Nerolidol, Phytol, Terpinonlene, Bornyl Acetate, orTerpineol.

Disclosed herein is a composition comprising a purified cannabinoid anda purified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprisesTetrahydrocannabivarin and at least one compound chosen from Pinene,Bornyl Acetate, Limonene, Caryophyllene, and Sabiene.

Disclosed herein is a composition comprising a purified cannabinoid anda purified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprises acannabinoid chosen from Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabichromene and atleast one compound chosen from Caryophyllene, Pinene, Bornyl Acetate,Cineole, and Limonene.

Disclosed herein is a composition comprising a purified cannabinoid anda purified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprises of acannabinoid chosen from Tetrahydrocannabinol or Tetrahydrocannabivarinand at least one compound chosen from Limonene and Caryophyllene.

Disclosed herein is a composition comprising a purified cannabinoid anda purified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprises of acannabinoid chosen from Tetrahydrocannabinol or Tetrahydrocannabivarinand at least one compound chosen from Limonene, Terpinolene, andPulegone.

Disclosed herein is a composition comprising a purified cannabinoid anda purified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprises ofCannabichromene and at least one compound chosen from Linalool, Myrcene,and Terpineol.

Disclosed herein is a compound comprising a purified cannabinoid and apurified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprises ofCannabigerol and Myrcene.

Disclosed herein is a compound comprising a purified cannabinoid and apurified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprises ofCannabidiol and Myrcene.

Disclosed herein is a compound comprising a purified cannabinoid and apurified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprises of Cannabinoland at least one compound chosen from Linalool and Terpineol.

Disclosed herein is a compound comprising a purified cannabinoid and apurified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprises ofTetrahydrocannabivarin and at least one compound chosen from Cineole,Pinene, Bornyl Acetate, Limonene, Caryophyllene, and Sabinene.

Disclosed herein is a compound comprising a purified cannabinoid and apurified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprises at least onecannabinoid chosen from Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol and atleast one terpene chosen from Caryophyllene, Pinene, Bornyl Acetate,Cineole, Limonene, Pulegone, Linalool, Hypericin, Pseudohypericin,Hyperforin, or Anthole.

As used herein, the term hypericin refers to a red-coloredanthraquinone-derivative that has the following structural formula:

As used herein, the term pseudohypericin refers to a hypericin with onemore alcohol group with the following structural formula:

As used herein, the term hyperforin refers to a prenylatedphloroglucinol derivative with the following structural formula:

Disclosed herein is a compound comprising a purified cannabinoid and apurified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprises ofTetrahydrocannabinol or Tetrahydrocannabivarin and at least one compoundchosen from Pulegone, Cineole, and Anethole.

Disclosed herein is a compound comprising a purified cannabinoid and apurified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprises ofTetrahydrocannabinol and Myrcene.

Disclosed herein is a compound comprising a purified cannabinoid and apurified terpene. In one embodiment the compound comprises ofTetrahydrocannabivarin and Myrcene.

Although the present disclosure herein has been described with referenceto various exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that theseembodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applicationsof the present disclosure. Those having skill in the art would recognizethat various modifications to the exemplary embodiments may be made,without departing from the scope of the invention.

Moreover, it should be understood that various features and/orcharacteristics of differing embodiments herein may be combined with oneanother. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modificationsmay be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangementsmay be devised without departing from the scope of the invention.

It will be appreciated that there is an implied “about” prior to allnumerical values recited herein, whether or not so stated. It shouldalso be understood that the precise numerical values used in thespecification and claims form additional embodiments. Efforts have beenmade to ensure the accuracy of the numerical values disclosed herein.Any measured numerical value, however, can inherently contain certainerrors resulting from the standard deviation found in its associatedmeasuring technique.

Furthermore, other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent tothose skilled in the art from consideration of the specification andpractice of the invention disclosed herein. It is intended that thespecification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a scopeand spirit being indicated by the claims.

Furthermore, throughout this application, where particular molecules mayexist in multiple isomeric (e.g., stereoisomers) forms, it should beunderstood that this disclosure contemplates each of the individualisomers and mixtures comprising any combination of those isomers.

Finally, it is noted that, as used in this specification and theappended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the,” include pluralreferents unless expressly and unequivocally limited to one referent,and vice versa. As used herein, the terms “comprise”, “comprises”,“comprising”, “contain”, “contains”, “containing”, “have”, “having”,“include”, “includes”, and “including” are intended to be non-limiting,such that recitation of an item or items is not to the exclusion ofother like items that can be substituted or added to the reciteditem(s).

EXAMPLES

The following examples illustrate certain aspects of the above describedinvention. They should not be read as limiting the full scope of theinvention.

Example 1

Cannabis plant material was cooled to −20 C for 24 hours by placing thecannabis plant material in a freezer. The cold plant material was thentriturated twice with cold ethanol (2 mL of ethanol at −20 C per gram ofcannabis plant material) by agitating the mixture plant material andethanol for 3 minutes, then decanting the liquid from the mixture.Portions of decanted ethanol were combined and cooled at −20 C for 24hours. The precipitate was then removed by gravity filtration. Theethanol was removed from the filtrate by evaporation, leaving an amberoil. The oil was dissolved in ethanol (10-100 mg/mL). This solution wasinjected into a Supercritical Fluid Chromatograph equipped with an EthylPyridine column. Pure fractions were collected and analyzed by LC-MS,Multiple Reaction Monitoring transitions, full scan detection,photodiode array detection, and Evaporative Light Scattering Detectionto assess purity.

Example 2

Cannabis plant material was cooled to −20 C for 24 hours by placing thecannabis plant material in a freezer. The cooled plant material wasground into particles having a diameter of approximately 2 mm. Theparticles were transferred into a cylinder and connected to asupercritical fluid extraction device for extracting cannabinoids andflavonoids. The extracted material was collected as an amber oil. Theoil was dissolved in ethanol (10-100 mg/mL). This solution was injectedinto a Supercritical Fluid Chromatograph equipped with an Ethyl Pyridinecolumn.

Pure fractions were collected and analyzed by LC-MS, Multiple ReactionMonitoring transitions, full scan detection, photodiode array detection,and Evaporative Light Scattering Detection to assess purity.

Example 3

A composition was formulated by combining the following components: THCV(1 g); CBG (1 g); CBC (1 g); THC (2 g); and CBD (4 g); b-Caryophllene(0.2); Linalool (0.005 g); Limonene (0.0019); Pilegone (0,005 g); andHumulene (0.005 g).

Example 4

A composition was formulated by combining the following components: THCV(1 g); CBG (1 g); CBC (2 g); THC (1 g); and CBD (2 g); 1,8-Cineol (0.005g); α-Pinene (0.005 g); and Limonene (0.001 g).

Example 5

A composition was formulated by combining the following components: CBG(1 g); CBC (2 g); THC (4 g); and CBD (1 g); 1,8-Cineol (0.0025 g);α-Pinene (0.0025 g); b-Mycrene (0.001 g); and Limonene (0.001 g).

Example 6

A composition was formulated by combining the following components: THCV(2 g); CBG (1 g); CBC (1 g); THC 3 g); and CBD (1 g); b-Caryophyllene(0.0025 g); Linalool (0.001 g); 1,8-Cineol (0.0025 g); b-Mycrene (0.0025g); Limonene (0,001 g); and Pilegone (0.001 g).

Example 7

A composition was formulated by combining the following components: CBG(1 g), THC (5 g); and CBD (1 g); b-Caryophyllene (0.05 g); Linalool(0.01 g); b-Mycrene (0.001 g); Limonene (0,001 g); Pilegone (0.01 g);and Humulene (0.01 g).

We claim:
 1. A composition comprising: a first purified cannabinoid; anda compound chosen from a second purified cannabinoid, a purifiedterpene, a purified flavonoid, and a purified mineral, wherein the saidcomposition is substantially free from cellulose.
 2. The composition ofclaim 1, comprising a purified mineral.
 3. The composition of claim 2,wherein the purified mineral is lithium.
 4. The composition of claim 2,consisting essentially of a first purified cannabinoid and a purifiedmineral.
 5. The composition of claim 1, comprising a purified terpene.6. The composition of claim 5, wherein the terpene is chosen from7,8-dihydroionone, Acetanisole, Acetic Acid, Acetyl Cedrene, Anethole,Anisole, Benzaldehyde, Bergamotene (α-cis-Bergamotene)(α-trans-Bergamotene), Bisabolol (β-Bisabolol), Borneol,Butanoic/Butyric Acid, Cadinene (α-Cadinene) (γ-Cadinene), Cafestol,Caffeic acid, Camphene, Camphor, Capsaicin, Carene (Δ-3-Carene),Carotene, Carvacrol, Carvone, Dextro-Carvone, Laevo-Carvone,Caryophyllene (β-Caryophyllene), Caryophyllene oxide, CastoreumAbsolute, Cedrene (α-Cedrene) (β-Cedrene), Cedrene Epoxide (α-CedreneEpoxide), Cedrol, Cembrene, Chlorogenic Acid, Cinnamaldehyde(α-amyl-Cinnamaldehyde) (α-hexyl-Cinnamaldehyde), Cinnamic Acid,Cinnamyl Alcohol, Citronellal, Citronellol, Cryptone, Curcumene(α-Curcumene) (γ-Curcumene), Decanal, Dehydrovomifoliol, DiallylDisulfide, Dihydroactinidiolide, Dimethyl Disulfide, Eicosane/Icosane,Elemene (β-Elemene), Estragole, Ethyl acetate, Ethyl Cinnamate, Ethylmaltol, Eucalyptol/1,8-Cineole, Eudesmol (α-Eudesmol) (μ-Eudesmol)(γ-Eudesmol), Eugenol, Euphol, Farnesene, Farnesol, Fenchol (β-Fenchol),Fenchone, Geraniol, Geranyl acetate, Germacrenes, Germacrene B,Guaia-1(10), 11-diene, Guaiacol, Guaiene (α-Guaiene), Gurjunene(α-Gurjunene), Herniarin, Hexanaldehyde, Hexanoic Acid, Humulene(α-Humulene) (β-Humulene), Ionol (3-oxo-α-ionol) (β-Ionol), Ionone(α-Ionone) (β-Ionone), Ipsdienol, Isoamyl acetate, Isoamyl Alcohol,Isoamyl Formate, Isoborneol, Isomyrcenol, Isopulegol, Isovaleric Acid,Isoprene, Kahweol, Lavandulol, Limonene, γ-Linolenic Acid, Linalool,Longifolene, α-Longipinene, Lycopene, Menthol, Methyl butyrate,3-Mercapto-2-Methylpentanal, Mercaptan/Thiols, β-Mercaptoethanol,Mercaptoacetic Acid, Allyl Mercaptan, Benzyl Mercaptan, Butyl Mercaptan,Ethyl Mercaptan, Methyl Mercaptan, Furfuryl Mercaptan, EthyleneMercaptan, Propyl Mercaptan, Thenyl Mercaptan, Methyl Salicylate,Methylbutenol, Methyl-2-Methylvalerate, Methyl Thiobutyrate, Myrcene(β-Myrcene), γ-Muurolene, Nepetalactone, Nerol, Nerolidol, Nerylacetate, Nonanaldehyde, Nonanoic Acid, Ocimene, Octanal, Octanoic Acid,P-cymene, Pentyl butyrate, Phellandrene, Phenylacetaldehyde,Phenylethanethiol, Phenylacetic Acid, Phytol, Pinene, β-Pinene,Propanethiol, Pristimerin, Pulegone, Retinol, Rutin, Sabinene, SabineneHydrate, cis-Sabinene Hydrate, trans-Sabinene Hydrate, Safranal,α-Selinene, α-Sinensal, β-Sinensal, β-Sitosterol, Squalene, Taxadiene,Terpin hydrate, Terpineol, Terpine-4-ol, α-Terpinene, γ-Terpinene,Terpinolene, Thiophenol, Thujone, Thymol, α-Tocopherol, TonkaUndecanone, Undecanal, Valeraldehyde/Pentanal, Verdoxan, α-Ylangene,Umbelliferone, or Vanillin.
 7. The composition of claim 5, wherein theterpene is chosen from Alpha-terpineol, Bergamotene (α-cis-Bergamotene)(α-trans-Bergamotene), Bisabolol (β-Bisabolol), Borneol, Camphor,Capsaicin, Carvacrol, Caryophyllene (β-Caryophyllene), Caryophylleneoxide, Cineole, Cinnamaldehyde (α-amyl-Cinnamaldehyde)(α-hexyl-Cinnamaldehyde), Cinnamyl Alcohol, Citronellal, Citronellol,Ethyl, Cinnamate, Eucalyptol/1,8-Cineole, Farnesol, Fenchol (β-Fenchol),Geranyl acetate, Germacrene B, Guaiene (α-Guaiene), Humulene(α-Humulene) (β-Humulene), Ionol (3-oxo-α-ionol) (β-Ionol), Ionone(α-Ionone) (β-Ionone), Isoamyl acetate, Isoprene, Kahweol,Laevo-Carvone, Lavandulol, Limonene, Linalool, Linalyl acetate,Luteolin, Lycopene, Menthol, Myrcene (β-Myrcene), Nerol, Nerolidol,Neryl acetate, P-cymene, Phytol, Pinene, Pristimerin, Retinol, Terpinhydrate, Terpineol, Terpinol-4-ol, Terpinolene, Thujone, Thymol, orVanillin.
 8. The composition of claim 5, comprising of CannabigerolicAcid (CBGA), Cannabigerolic Acid monomethylether (CBGAM), Cannabigerol(CBG), Cannabigerol monomethylether (CBGM), Cannabigerovarinic Acid(CBGVA), Cannabigerovarin (CBGV), Cannabichromenic Acid (CBCA),Cannabichromene (CBC), Cannabichromevarinic Acid (CBCVA),Cannabichromevarin (CBCV), Cannabidiolic Acid (CBDA), Cannabidiol (CBD),Cannabidiol monomethylether (CBDM), Cannabidiol-C₄ (CBD-C₄),Cannabidivarinic Acid (CBDVA), Cannabidivarin (CBDV), Cannabidiorcol(CBD-C₁), Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA-A), Tetrahydrocannabinolicacid B (THCA-B), Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), Tetrahydrocannabinolic acidC₄ (THCA-C₄), Tetrahydrocannbinol C₄ (THC-C₄), Tetrahydrocannabivarinicacid (THCVA), Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), Tetrahydrocannabiorcolicacid (THCA-C₁), Tetrahydrocannabiorcol (THC-C₁),Delta-7-cis-iso-tetrahydrocannabivarin, Δ⁸-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid(Δ8-THCA), Δ⁸-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ⁸-THC), Cannabicyclolic acid(CBLA), Cannabicyclol (CBL), Cannabicyclovarin (CBLV), Cannabielsoicacid A (CBEA-A), Cannabielsoic acid B (CBEA-B), Cannabielsoin (CBE),Cannabinolic acid (CBNA), Cannabinol (CBN), Cannabinol methylether(CBNM), Cannabinol-C₄ (CBN-C₄), Cannabivarin (CBV), Cannabino-C₂(CBN-C₂), Cannabiorcol (CBN-C₁), Cannabinodiol (CBND), Cannabinodivarin(CBDV), Cannabitriol (CBT),10-Ethoxy-9-hydroxy-Δ^(6a)-tetrahydrocannabinol,8,9-Dihydroxy-Δ^(6a(10a))-tetrahydrocannabinol (8,9-Di-OH-CBT-C₅),Cannabitriolvarin (CBTV), Ethoxy-cannabitriolvarin (CBTVE),Dehydrocannabifuran (DCBF), Cannbifuran (CBF), Cannabichromanon (CBCN),Cannabicitran (CBT), 10-Oxo-Δ^(6a(10a))-tetrahydrocannabinol (OTHC),Δ⁹-cis-tetrahydrocannabinol (cis-THC), Cannabiripsol (CBR),3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-7-hydroxy-alpha-alpha-2-trimethyl-9-n-propyl-2,6-methano-2H-1-benzoxocin-5-methanol(OH-iso-HHCV), Trihydroxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (triOH-THC),Isocanabinoids, and Epigallocatechin gallate.
 9. The composition ofclaim 8, wherein the first purified cannabinoid is chosen fromTetrahydrocannabinol (THC), Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV),Cannabichromene (CBC), Cannabichromanon (CBCN), Cannabidiol (CBD),Cannabielsoin (CBE), Cannabidivarin (CBDV), Cannbifuran (CBF),Cannabicyclol (CBL), Cannabinol (CBN), Cannabinodiol (CBND),Cannabitriol (CBT), Cannabivarin (CBV), and Isocanabinoids.
 10. Thecomposition of claim 9, comprising a first purified cannabinoid chosenfrom Cannabigerolic Acid (CBGA), Cannabigerolic Acid monomethylether(CBGAM), Cannabigerol (CBG), Cannabigerol monomethylether (CBGM),Cannabigerovarinic Acid (CBGVA), Cannabigerovarin (CBGV),Cannabichromenic Acid (CBCA), Cannabichromene (CBC),Cannabichromevarinic Acid (CBCVA), Cannabichromevarin (CBCV),Cannabidiolic Acid (CBDA), Cannabidiol (CBD), Cannabidiolmonomethylether (CBDM), Cannabidiol-C₄ (CBD-C₄), Cannabidivarinic Acid(CBDVA), Cannabidivarin (CBDV), Cannabidiorcol (CBD-C₁),Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA-A), Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid B(THCA-B), Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid C₄(THCA-C₄), Tetrahydrocannbinol C₄ (THC-C₄), Tetrahydrocannabivarinicacid (THCVA), Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), Tetrahydrocannabiorcolicacid (THCA-C₁), Tetrahydrocannabiorcol (THC-C₁),Delta-7-cis-iso-tetrahydrocannabivarin, Δ⁸-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid(Δ8-THCA), Δ⁸-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ⁸-THC), Cannabicyclolic acid(CBLA), Cannabicyclol (CBL), Cannabicyclovarin (CBLV), Cannabielsoicacid A (CBEA-A), Cannabielsoic acid B (CBEA-B), Cannabielsoin (CBE),Cannabinolic acid (CBNA), Cannabinol (CBN), Cannabinol methylether(CBNM), Cannabinol-C₄ (CBN-C₄), Cannabivarin (CBV), Cannabino-C₂(CBN-C₂), Cannabiorcol (CBN-C₁), Cannabinodiol (CBND), Cannabinodivarin(CBDV), Cannabitriol (CBT),10-Ethoxy-9-hydroxy-Δ^(6a)-tetrahydrocannabinol,8,9-Dihydroxy-Δ^(6a(10a))-tetrahydrocannabinol (8,9-Di-OH-CBT-C₅),Cannabitriolvarin (CBTV), Ethoxy-cannabitriolvarin (CBTVE),Dehydrocannabifuran (DCBF), Cannbifuran (CBF), Cannabichromanon (CBCN),Cannabicitran (CBT), 10-Oxo-Δ^(6a(10a))-tetrahydrocannabinol (OTHC),Δ⁹-cis-tetrahydrocannabinol (cis-THC), Cannabiripsol (CBR),3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-7-hydroxy-alpha-alpha-2-trimethyl-9-n-propyl-2,6-methano-2H-1-benzoxocin-5-methanol(OH-iso-HHCV), Trihydroxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (triOH-THC),Yangonin, Isocanabinoids, Epigallocatechin gallate,Dodeca-2E,4E,8Z,10Z-tetraenoic acid isobutylamide, orDodeca-2E,4E-dienoic acid isobutylamide; and a second purifiedcannabinoid chosen from Cannabigerolic Acid (CBGA), Cannabigerolic Acidmonomethylether (CBGAM), Cannabigerol (CBG), Cannabigerolmonomethylether (CBGM), Cannabigerovarinic Acid (CBGVA),Cannabigerovarin (CBGV), Cannabichromenic Acid (CBCA), Cannabichromene(CBC), Cannabichromevarinic Acid (CBCVA), Cannabichromevarin (CBCV),Cannabidiolic Acid (CBDA), Cannabidiol (CBD), Cannabidiolmonomethylether (CBDM), Cannabidiol-C₄ (CBD-C₄), Cannabidivarinic Acid(CBDVA), Cannabidivarin (CBDV), Cannabidiorcol (CBD-C₁),Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid A (THCA-A), Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid B(THCA-B), Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid C₄(THCA-C₄), Tetrahydrocannbinol C₄ (THC-C₄), Tetrahydrocannabivarinicacid (THCVA), Tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), Tetrahydrocannabiorcolicacid (THCA-C₁), Tetrahydrocannabiorcol (THC-C₁),Delta-7-cis-iso-tetrahydrocannabivarin, Δ⁸-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid(Δ8-THCA), Δ⁸-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ⁸-THC), Cannabicyclolic acid(CBLA), Cannabicyclol (CBL), Cannabicyclovarin (CBLV), Cannabielsoicacid A (CBEA-A), Cannabielsoic acid B (CBEA-B), Cannabielsoin (CBE),Cannabinolic acid (CBNA), Cannabinol (CBN), Cannabinol methylether(CBNM), Cannabinol-C₄ (CBN-C₄), Cannabivarin (CBV), Cannabino-C₂(CBN-C₂), Cannabiorcol (CBN-C₁), Cannabinodiol (CBND), Cannabinodivarin(CBDV), Cannabitriol (CBT),10-Ethoxy-9-hydroxy-Δ^(6a)-tetrahydrocannabinol,8,9-Dihydroxy-Δ^(6a(10a))-tetrahydrocannabinol (8,9-Di-OH-CBT-C₅),Cannabitriolvarin (CBTV), Ethoxy-cannabitriolvarin (CBTVE),Dehydrocannabifuran (DCBF), Cannbifuran (CBF), Cannabichromanon (CBCN),Cannabicitran (CBT), 10-Oxo-Δ^(6a(10a))-tetrahydrocannabinol (OTHC),Δ⁹-cis-tetrahydrocannabinol (cis-THC), Cannabiripsol (CBR),3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-7-hydroxy-alpha-alpha-2-trimethyl-9-n-propyl-2,6-methano-2H-1-benzoxocin-5-methanol(OH-iso-HHCV), Trihydroxy-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (triOH-THC),Yangonin, Isocanabinoids, Epigallocatechin gallate,Dodeca-2E,4E,8Z,10Z-tetraenoic acid isobutylamide, orDodeca-2E,4E-dienoic acid isobutylamide.
 11. The composition of claim 1,comprising a purified flavonoid.
 12. The composition of claim 11,wherein the flavonoid is chosen from phenolic acids, stilbenoids,dihydroflavonols, anthocyanins, anthocyanidins, polyphenols, tannins,flavones, flavan-3-ols, Flavan-4-ol, Flavan-3,4-diol flavonols,stilbenoids, phytochemicals, antioxidants, homoisoflavonoids,phenylpropanoids, Phloroglucinols coumarins, Phenolic acids,Naphthodianthrones, Steroid glycosides, bioflavonoids, isoflavonoids,and neoflavonoids.
 13. The composition of claim 11, wherein theflavonoid is chosen from Adenosine, Adhyperforin, amentoflavone,Anandamide, Apigenin, Cannaflavin B, Catechin (C), Catechin 3-gallate(Cg), Chlorogenic acid, cichoric acid, caftaric acid, Daidzein,Delphinidin, Eleutherosides, Epicatechin 3-gallate (ECg), Epicatechins,Epicatechin, epigallocatechin, myricetin, Oxalic acid, Pelargonidin,Tannin, Theaflavin-3-gallate, Theanine, Theobromine, Theophylline,Tryptophan, Tyramine, Xanthine, Caffeine, Cannaflavin A, Cannaflavin B,Catechin (C), Catechin 3-gallate (Cg), Epicatechin 3-gallate (ECg),Epicatechins (Epicatechin (EC)), epigallocatechin, Epigallocatechin(EGC), Epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCg), Gallocatechin (GC),Gallocatechin 3-gallate (GCg)), Gamma amino butyric acid, Genistein,Ginkgo biloba, Ginsenosides, Quercetin, Quercitrin, or Rutin.
 14. Thecomposition of claim 11, wherein the purified flavonoid is chosen fromCaffeine, Cannaflavin A, Cannaflavin B, Catechin (C), Catechin 3-gallate(Cg), Epicatechin 3-gallate (ECg), Epicatechins (Epicatechin (EC)),epigallocatechin, Epigallocatechin (EGC), Epigallocatechin 3-gallate(EGCg), Gallocatechin (GC), Gallocatechin 3-gallate (GCg)), Gamma aminobutyric acid, Genistein, Ginkgo biloba, Ginsenosides, Quercetin,Quercitrin, or Rutin.
 15. The composition of claim 1, comprisingCannabichromene and at least one purified terpene chosen from Linalool,Borneol, Elemene, Mycerne, Nerolidol, Phytol, Terpinolene, Bornylacetate, Terpineol.
 16. The composition of claim 1, comprisingCannabigerol and at least one purified terpene chosen from Linalool,Borneol, elemene, Mycerne, Nerolidol, Phytol, Terpinolene, Bornylacetate, Terpineol.
 17. The composition of claim 1, comprisingCannabinol and at least one compound chosen from Linalool, Borneol,elemene, Mycerne, Nerolidol, Phytol, Terpinolene, Bornyl acetate,Terpineol.
 18. The composition of claim 1, comprisingTetrahydrocannabivarin and at least one compound chosen from Pinene,Bornyl acetate, Limonene, Caryophyllene, and Sabinene.
 19. Thecomposition of claim 1, comprising a cannabinoid chosen fromTetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabichromene and at least one compoundchosen from Caryophyllene, Pinene, Bornyl acetate, Cineole, Limonene,Caryophyllene, Pinene, Bornyl acetate.
 20. The composition of claim 1,comprising a cannabinoid chosen from Tetrahydrocannabinol orTetrahydrocannabivarin and at least one compound chosen from Limoneneand Caryophyllene.
 21. The composition of claim 1, comprising acannabinoid chosen from Tetrahydrocannabinol or Tetrahydrocannabivarinand at least one compound chosen from Limonene, Terpinolene, Pulegone.22. The compound of claim 1, comprising Cannabichromene and at least onecompound chosen from Linalool, Myrcene, Terpineol.
 23. The compound ofclaim 1, comprising Cannabigerol and Myrcene.
 24. The compound of claim1, comprising Cannabidiol and Myrcene.
 25. The compound of claim 1,comprising Cannabinol and at least one compound chosen from Linalool,Terpineol.
 26. The compound of claim 1, comprisingTetrahydrocannabivarin and at least one compound chosen from Cineole,Pinene, Bornyl acetate, Limonene, Caryophyllene, and Sabinene.
 27. Thecompound of claim 1, comprising at least one cannabinoid chosen fromTetrahydrocannabinol or Cannabidiol and at least one terpene chosen fromCaryophyllene, Pinene, Bornyl acetate, Cineole, Limonene, Pulegone,Linalool, Hypericin, Pseudohypericin, Hyperforin, Anethole.
 28. Thecompound of claim 1, comprising Tetrahydrocannabinol orTetrahydrocannabivarin and at least one compound chosen from Pulegone,Cineole, Anethole.
 29. The compound of claim 1, comprisingTetrahydrocannabinol and Myrcene.
 30. The compound of claim 1,comprising Tetrahydrocannabivarin and Myrcene.